Application of Pulsed Pressure Spray Gun in Extinguishing Forest Fire

Forest fires are among the most difficult fires in the world today. At present, the internationally accepted method is to use planes to sprinkle water. Many countries will not use human resources to directly save forest fires. Therefore, once a forest fire occurs, the burning area will be longer and the time will be longer.

China's forest area is relatively small, and the forest is very important for the national economy. Therefore, when a forest fire occurs in our country, it is often the military and the civilians that go into battle—human sea tactics. Using relatively backward fire-fighting equipment to face forest fires easily leads to unnecessary losses.

1 pulse pressure spray fire extinguishing equipment fire extinguishing principle

Pulse pressure spray gun

Application of water mist extinguishing principle to fight forest fires has long been studied by experts at home and abroad. The same amount of hydration into water mist can greatly increase the heat absorption area (depending on the degree of atomization can be increased by several thousand times to tens of thousands of times), vaporization of water mist, heat absorption will increase by several hundred times, which can greatly improve the efficiency of fire extinguishing improve. Water is used as a fire extinguishing medium, which has the advantages of low cost and no pollution itself. However, due to the presence of a strong thermal gas barrier layer around the fire, it is difficult for a very light mist to enter the center of the fire, until the use of water mist to extinguish the fire has only been practical in recent years. The key to this new technology is to use compressed air as the driving force, and use pulsed impact, atomized heat absorption, and isolation of oxygen to implement fire extinguishing. The core component of the pulse pressure spray fire extinguishing equipment is the pulse pressure spray gun (pulse gun). Its working principle is based on the compressed air of a certain capacity and set pressure. It can quickly release a small amount of water (also can add a small amount of additives). The formation of fast air mist flow, so that it breaks through the fire flame rising hot gas barrier directly to the central area of ​​the fire stove, the combustion temperature quickly reduced below the ignition point, while a large number of water vapor after the formation of water vapor and then blocking the oxygen into Fire stove center, so as to achieve rapid fire extinguishing purposes.

2 Pulse Pressure Spray Gun Features and Benefits

2.1 Efficient

Compared with the traditional DC fire extinguishing equipment, the pulsed pressure spray gun has a much higher extinguishing efficiency with the use of an equal amount of extinguishing medium. This is because the pulse pressure fog nozzle sprayed mist having a strong impact, which range up to 32 m (effective range up to 17 m), the mist injected (mostly in drop diameter 2 ~ 200 μ m) greatly Increased heat absorption area. On the other hand, because of the powerful kinetic energy of water mist, it can rush into the center of the fire, even in the fine gap, and directly and quickly reduce the temperature of the combustion and the oxygen content of the air in the combustion zone.

2.2 Energy Saving

Application of traditional direct-current water fire extinguishing, the effective utilization of water is only 10% to 15% , while the pulse pressure spray gun extinguishes, the effective utilization of water can reach 85% to 90% . Taking a push-type impulse air pressure spray gun with a water capacity of 35 L as an example, three sets of this equipment basically have the equivalent fire extinguishing ability with a conventional fire truck with a water capacity of 1 ton. The use of this equipment has unique advantages in fighting fires in areas where grasslands, forests, and other inaccessible waters are inconvenient.

2.3 Environmental protection

The fire extinguishing medium used in the pulse pressure spray fire extinguishing equipment is water, which does not produce a large amount of sewage during the fire extinguishing. Therefore, it itself does not produce pollution, and it does not bring the toxic and harmful substances on the fire site to the surrounding areas to cause harm to the environment. Completely avoiding the situation of extinguishing the fire caused by traditional fire extinguishing methods into a "flood" situation, this is very suitable for fire suppression in places with high environmental protection requirements such as grain warehouses, material stores, cultural relics, and library of books.

2.4 Flexible and Easy Operation

Pulse pressure spray fire extinguishing equipment can be quickly assembled and disassembled. It is easy to operate, small in size, light in weight, capable of quick delivery, and quickly puts out fires. The equipment is equipped with a certain power source and extinguishing medium, which can flexibly enter narrow spaces and extinguish complex fires. It can be used as a standing fire extinguishing equipment (but with much greater power), but it can also be used in combination as a fire-fighting equipment for professional fire departments.

2.5 Wide range of applications

The characteristics of pulsed air pressure spray guns are pulsed launches (emission interval is less than 3 seconds). The water sprayed is discontinuous water mist and cannot form conductive loops. Therefore, it can be used to directly save electrical fires with high voltage power. Ensure the safety of firefighters (outside the set distance). This is not possible with conventional DC water firefighting equipment.

In addition, the water mist emitted by the pulsed pressure spray gun has a strong shear force, so it has a special advantage for fighting gas fires. Adding a small amount of additives in the extinguishing medium can also save oil fires. At the same time, the device can also expand its functions and serve as an anti-riot, fire-fighting shell, and launch rescue rope equipment. Therefore, it is a wide range of equipment that can be used in one machine.

For many years, the forest area has been used to save underground fires and canopy fires with equipment such as shovels, thongs, and wind-powered extinguishers, which not only takes time and effort, but also does not achieve the desired results. In particular, when fighting a tree crown, when there is windy weather, firefighters can not be approached and it is difficult to control the spread of fire.

Implementing fire extinguishing with water is the most effective way to fight surface fires and canopy fires. It can reduce the temperature of fire at the fastest speed, control the spread of fire in the shortest time, and reduce the loss of forest resources caused by fire.

Forest water sources mainly come from reservoirs and natural rivers. However , there are still many limitations to making large-scale fire fighting equipment uphill. Roads, mountains and terrain all restrict the combat effectiveness of these equipment.

The use of pulsed pressure spray guns can achieve the purpose of fire extinguishing with water, without the influence of roads, mountains, and terrain. Moreover, the pulsed pressure spray gun saves water and has high fire extinguishing efficiency. It is a kind of individual soldier suitable for extinguishing forest fires. equipment.

3 methods to extinguish forest fires

3.1 control the fire, cut off the fire line

Since the pulse pressure spray gun is pulsed emission, a gun every three seconds, which requires us to put out forest fires, to focus on a certain number of pulse pressure spray gun attack. 5 people 1 group, two groups alternately fired. Choose a place where the fire is relatively weak as a breakthrough. The first gun, the gun 10 are transmitted simultaneously, so as to rapidly reduce the temperature of the scene; the second gun, before firing a group of 5 people began after 5 ready, transmitting the first group, the second group of re-emission. At the same time, fire fiercely to weak areas of the fire. Then it moved forward, left, and right at the same time as an equilateral triangle. At the same time, it fired and tried to cut off the line of fire. If the fire is large, several groups can be added to implement the fire extinguishing according to the above method.

After FireWire is cut, the first tier ventilation, filled with water. The second echelon formed an encirclement to the cut off fire line and put it out. For example , fire lines of 20 m × 10 m × 100 m can be divided into three sections for fire extinguishing. Every 30 m About 1 arranged groups, each group of each pitch 2 m, so that the cutting line of fire, can quickly break, can be 100 m long line of fire extinguished within 10 minutes. Slightly trimming, you can invest in the next round of fighting. There are 60 soldiers and 30 sets of equipment .

3.2 Extinguishing Crown Fire and Surface Fire

Pulse air pressure spray gun spray distance 30 m , effective spray distance 17 m Above, into the mist, and has a certain impact energy, when the wind is from 5 to 6 is still able to guarantee more than the height of the water mist fire 10 m. Therefore, there is a special advantage in extinguishing crown fires, especially for bushes distributed on steep cliffs in southern China. Because the pulse pressure spray gun uses a pulsed launcher, it has a powerful impact force at the instant of injection. This impact force, combined with water fog, acts on the surface fire at the same time and can quickly and efficiently extinguish the surface fire. When reaching the fire site, if the temperature is high, people cannot approach and can shoot a shot in the forward direction so as to lower the temperature of the fire field and enable personnel to approach. When the fire is extinguished, first fire to the center of the fire (the place where the flame is the brightest, that is, the place with the highest temperature). First extinguish the fire in the center of the fire stove, and then clean up the remaining fire. This is where the pulsed pressure spray gun differs from other fire-fighting equipment.

3.3 Extinguishing with obstacles

The water jet sprayed by the pulsed pressure spray gun is a jujube-like water mist cluster. From the front, the maximum diameter can reach 5 m . Therefore, in the case of shrubs and gully obstructions, large trunks should be avoided. Shooting at the center of the fire in a relatively sparse direction of the trees can quickly and effectively allow the water mist to pass through obstacles and extinguish the fire.

3.4 laying fire prevention

The pulsed pressure spray gun can play a role in preventing the spread of fire in fighting forest fires.

In areas where isolation barriers need to be established, there are 40 soldiers and 20 sets of equipment . A 10 000 m2 barrier can be established within 10 minutes to prevent the spread of fire. Method: Add 6% of flame retardant to the bucket of pulse pressure spray gun , mix with water, every 10 m2 A warrior, in turn, spread out. In the range of 10 m × 10 m , each soldier uses a pulsed air pressure spray gun to evenly fire on the plants, so that the vegetation can absorb water mist and play a role in humid cooling and flame retardancy. When the fire spreads to the isolation zone, it acts as a barrier and suppresses the fire. Even if some places are not adsorbed, the fire will certainly weaken. Then focus on the pulse pressure spray gun attack, the fire will be pressed down until the fight.

3.5 Changing the Direction of Fire of the FireWire

The use of pulsed air pressure spray guns can change the direction of fire line burning. When the fire is burning in the direction of unfavorable combatants, it can concentrate the pulsed air pressure spray gun to violently fire in the direction of fire burning to divert it. Advance in the direction we intended, or give annihilation in terms of the size of the fire.

3.6 Ambulance at Critical Time

In the process of extinguishing forest fires, the situation in which the fire line suddenly changes direction is often encountered, and some directly threaten the personal safety of the fire extinguishing personnel. At this time, you can use the pulse pressure spray gun to shoot above the personnel, in the direction of the fire, or in the direction of personnel evacuation. A water mist barrier is set above the firefighter's body. The principle of atomizing the heat of absorption by the pulse air pressure spray gun is used until the temperature of the fire field is lowered to protect the personnel from escaping safely.

4 Logistical support

Organizing a forest fire-fighting commando team, logistical support is very important. Configurable track-type forest fire trucks, personnel carriers, etc., can be provided by vehicles to provide water, gas, etc. near the road. If the fire site is far away from the road and there is no road to go, relay supply, sub-transportation, and back-shouldering can be adopted to ensure the urgent need for first-line fire-fighting materials.

For example, the road is 30 km from the fire , which can be 15 km each Office, 10 km Office, 5 km Stations were set up and water sources were collected on site. The gas source is provided by the gas supply vehicle to infuse the air pump and gas bottle to each transfer station on the front line. The number of gas cylinders is 10 times the number of pulsed pressure spray guns . This will ensure the continuous supply of gas and water for the pulsed pressure spray water gun and ensure the combat effectiveness. Lasting.

It is recommended to combine fire-fighting pumps and impulse-pressure spray fire extinguishing equipment that have been assigned to forest areas. In this way, it not only solves the problem of recharging water for fire extinguishing, but also greatly improves the utilization rate of water; in addition, it can use an inflated vehicle to replenish the power source so that the pulsed pressure spray equipment can give full play to its safety and efficiency in extinguishing forest fires. , energy saving and environmental protection.

The information in this article comes from the Internet and was reorganized and edited by China Rescue Equipment Network.