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Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Operation Monitoring and Coordination Bureau Institute of Industrial Economics, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences I. Positive results in response to the international financial crisis Industrial production has stabilized and stabilized, and the recovery has gradually consolidated. The growth rate of industrial production above designated size fell from 16% in June 2008 to 3.8% in January-February 2009, and then rebounded. In March, the growth rate reached 8.3%, and in November and December, it reached 19.2%. 18.5%, the growth rate reached 20.7% in January-February 2010, showing an obvious "V"-shaped trajectory. In 2009, the total industrial added value reached 13.5 trillion yuan, an increase of 8.3% over the previous year; the added value of industrial enterprises above designated size increased by 11%, of which light and heavy industries increased by 9.7% and 11.5% respectively, and increased by 14.5 in January-February 2010 respectively. % and 23.7%.
The eastern region has steadily recovered and the central and western regions have accelerated growth. In 2009, the added value of industrial enterprises above designated size in the eastern, central and western regions increased by 9.7%, 12.1% and 15.5% respectively over the previous year. From January to February this year, the added value of industrial enterprises above designated size in the eastern, central and western regions increased by 19.4%, 24% and 22.1% respectively.
The ex-factory price of industrial products continued to rise, and the efficiency of enterprises improved significantly. After the industrial product price has experienced a sharp decline in the past six months since the fourth quarter of 2008, from April 2009 to February this year, the chain has maintained a 11-month rebound. From January to February this year, the ex-factory price of industrial products increased by 4.9% year-on-year.
From January to November 2009, the profits and losses of industrial enterprises above designated size reached 2.59 trillion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 7.8%; the total amount of taxes paid was 2.11 trillion yuan, up 14.8%; the loss of enterprises was reduced from 25.3% in January-February to 17.4. %, the loss of loss-making enterprises fell by 33.5% year-on-year.
The operational difficulties of SMEs have eased, and the ability to absorb employment has increased significantly. In 2009, the industrial added value of small and medium-sized enterprises above designated size increased by 13.6% over the previous year; the growth rate from January to February this year reached 21.6%. From January to November 2009, the company realized a profit of 1.75 trillion yuan and a tax of 1.17 trillion yuan, an increase of 18.2% and 14.2% over the same period of the previous year, accounting for 67.4% and 55.2% of all industrial enterprises above designated size. As the production situation improves, the number of SMEs recruiting employment climbs month by month. From September to November 2009, the average number of employees of small and medium-sized enterprises above designated size reached 68.7 million, an increase of 4.53 million from March to May, and an increase of 3.15 million from June to August.
Industrial growth was mainly driven by domestic demand, and the export situation initially improved. In 2009, the sales value of industrial enterprises above designated size increased by 9.4% over the previous year; the export delivery value decreased by 10.1% year-on-year, and the decrease was 4.6 percentage points lower than the previous three quarters. The proportion of export delivery value to total sales value decreased from 16.7% in the same period of last year to 13.7%. From January to February this year, the sales value of industrial enterprises above designated size increased by 37.5% year-on-year; the export delivery value increased by 22.5% year-on-year, accounting for only 12.9% of the total sales value. Monthly exports gradually recovered to the same level as before the international financial crisis.
Industrial investment continued to grow, and the special effects of technological transformation were significant. In 2009, industrial investment was 8.04 trillion yuan, an increase of 26.2% over the previous year, accounting for 41.4% of urban fixed asset investment; of which, manufacturing investment was 5.88 trillion yuan, up 26.8%. Industrial investment in January-February this year increased by 21% year-on-year. In 2009, the central government arranged a special fund for technological transformation of 20 billion yuan, mainly adopting interest subsidy methods to support enterprises to strengthen technological transformation, and issued 4,441 investment plans with a total investment of 632.6 billion yuan, stimulating social investment 28 times.
The structural adjustment was steadily advanced, and positive progress was made in energy conservation and consumption reduction. Through joint restructuring, there are 11 large steel enterprises with a capacity of more than 10 million tons of crude steel, including Baosteel, Wuhan Iron and Steel, Hebei Iron and Steel, more than 30 million tons, and Angang Steel, Shandong Iron and Steel, and Shagang more than 20 million tons. The joint reorganization of large-scale enterprises such as Chinalco, China Metallurgical and Minmetals has made positive progress. There are 5 enterprise groups with sales of over one million vehicles. After hard work, the backward steelmaking, ironmaking and cement production capacity was 16.91 million tons, 21.13 million tons and 74.16 million tons, flat glass, electrolytic aluminum, coke, ferroalloy, calcium carbide, paper, alcohol, monosodium glutamate, citric acid. The industry has basically completed the elimination tasks scheduled for the year. In 2009, the added value of industrial units above designated size decreased by 9% compared with the previous year, water consumption decreased by 8.2%, and the comprehensive utilization rate of industrial solid waste reached 65%.
Second, the domestic and international environment facing industrial development in 2010 From the international perspective, the world economy is expected to resume growth. Many institutions such as the World Bank and Bank of Asia predict that global economic growth in 2010 will be roughly between 3.2% and 3.9%. The latest data from the International Monetary Fund (IMF) shows that the global economy contracted by 0.8% in 2009 and is expected to grow by 3.9% in 2010. In 2009, global trade volume fell by 12.3%, and is expected to increase by 5.8% in 2010; Eurozone, USA, Japan 2009 The economic growth rate is -3.9%, -2.5% and -5.3%, respectively, and is expected to increase by 1%, 2.7% and 1.7% respectively in 2010; it is expected that the growth rate of emerging and developing economies will be nearly 4% higher than that of advanced economies in 2010. Percentage points, of which 8.4% in developing Asia, 10% in China, 7.7% in India, 4.7% in five ASEAN countries, and 4.7% in the Middle East. In recent years, China's exports to emerging economies such as India, Brazil, and ASEAN have increased year by year, and the rapid economic recovery of emerging economies is conducive to China's export growth.
At the same time, we must see that there is still greater uncertainty in the overall recovery of the world economy, and the recovery of the world economy will undergo a slow and complicated process. The economic growth of major developed countries is weak, the employment situation has not improved, consumption is sluggish, capacity utilization is low, and commodity prices in the international market may fluctuate. The potential financial risks have not been eliminated. Various forms of trade protectionism have been reinforced and the pressure for RMB appreciation has increased. The new scientific and technological revolution has had a greater impact on China's traditional economic development model.
From the domestic perspective, the macro environment is moderately loose. This year, it plans to arrange a fiscal deficit of 1.05 trillion yuan to continue to implement a structural tax reduction policy to promote the expansion of domestic demand and economic restructuring. The broad money M2 growth target is about 17%, and the new RMB loan is about 7.5 trillion yuan. Continue to implement and improve various policies and measures to encourage consumption, which will greatly increase the maximum price of home appliances to the countryside, increase the variety and model, and expand the scope of subsidies; further improve the policy of replacing old appliances and cars with cars and motorcycles to the countryside. The car purchase tax is levied at 7.5%. Indicators reflecting the operating conditions of the real economy and market expectations are steadily picking up. The total retail sales of urban fixed assets and social consumer goods maintained a relatively high growth rate (26.6% and 17.9% respectively in January-February this year). The business climate index, entrepreneur confidence index and manufacturing purchasing managers' index all exceeded the pre-existing international financial crisis. Level. The ability and competitiveness of enterprises to adapt to market changes has been improved. In particular, after the promulgation of certain opinions of the State Council on further promoting the development of small and medium-sized enterprises, it will further optimize the development environment of enterprises and enhance the momentum and vitality of economic development.
While seeing the favorable aspects, we must also clearly understand that there are still many factors that restrict the long-term development of China's industrial economy: First, the constraints of resources and environment. China's industrial energy consumption accounts for 70% of the country's total energy consumption. The external dependence of petroleum, iron ore, bauxite and copper mines is increasing (over 50%), sulfur dioxide, chemical oxygen demand and carbon dioxide emissions. They account for 86%, 38% and 70% of the country respectively, and the pressure on sustainable development is great. China has proposed a binding indicator that the carbon dioxide emissions per unit of GDP in 2020 will fall by 40% to 45% compared with 2005. It will take a lot of effort to achieve this goal. Second, insufficient capacity for independent innovation. For a long time, China's industrial growth has relied too much on the international market, mainly relying on material resources input, and its technology content is low. Many industries are at the middle and low end of the global industrial chain, and the proportion of high-tech industries is relatively low. The development of emerging industries is generally lagging behind, and industrial development has not yet gone. The track of innovation-driven, endogenous growth. Third, the adjustment of industrial structure is lagging behind. In recent years, investment in some industries has grown too fast, the industrial structure is irrational, the layout of enterprises is scattered, and the industrial concentration is low. In some important industries such as steel, cement, electrolytic aluminum, copper smelting, and coke, backward production capacity still accounts for a large proportion, and wind power equipment, Emerging industries such as polysilicon also have a tendency to build disorderly. The fourth is institutional and institutional obstacles. Some regions have placed too much emphasis on scale expansion and neglected the quality of development. The prices of capital, land, labor, raw materials and other factors are severely distorted, and resources are excessively invested and wasteful. The work of optimizing the industrial structure and eliminating backward production capacity is faced with problems such as lack of understanding, inadequate policies, and imperfect exit mechanisms.
III. Operation status and development trend of major industries This year, the industrial development environment is generally better than last year. However, the task of continuing to cope with the international financial crisis, maintaining stable and rapid development of the industrial economy, and accelerating the transformation of development mode is still very arduous. The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology proposed that the main expected targets for industrial development this year are: the added value of industrial enterprises above designated size will increase by about 11% year-on-year, and the export delivery value will increase by about 8%. Industrial investment, including technological transformation, has grown by around 20%. The energy consumption per 10,000 yuan of industrial added value decreased by 7%, and the comprehensive utilization rate of industrial solid waste increased by 1.5 percentage points. The task of eliminating backward production capacity as determined by the State Council was completed on schedule.
The operating conditions, characteristics and development trends of major industries are as follows:
(I) Raw material industry Investment is the main force driving the growth of the raw material industry. In 2009, the growth rate of raw materials industry, which accounted for about 32% of the added value of industrial enterprises above designated size, reached 12%, an increase of 1.6 percentage points over the previous year. The growth rate in January-February this year reached 20.7%, mainly due to the low base in the same period last year. The speed is only 3.1%). It is expected that with the decline in investment growth, the growth rate of raw materials industry will slow down in 2010, and the annual growth rate will fall back to around 11%. Two prominent problems faced by the raw material industry: First, serious overcapacity and backward production capacity cannot be withdrawn in time. Similar problems exist in industries such as steel, nonferrous metals and cement. Second, energy resources are constrained. With the tight supply and demand situation of coal, electricity and oil, It will have a great impact on the industrial production of raw materials (see Table 6).
Steel industry In 2009, the country's crude steel output was 568 million tons, up 12.9% year-on-year; the average daily production of steel was 1.56 million tons. From January to February this year, the country's crude steel output was 103 million tons, up 25.4% year-on-year, and the daily average steel production was 1.644 million tons, a record high. It is expected that the crude steel output will increase by about 10% this year.
Energy conservation and emission reduction have progressed steadily. In 2009, the key large and medium-sized iron and steel enterprises (the output of crude steel accounted for about 80% of the national output), the comprehensive energy consumption per ton of steel was 619 kilograms of standard coal, 4.4 tons of new water consumption, and 1.1 kilograms of smoke dust, down 1.7% and 12.8 respectively over the previous year. % and 10.7%. Industry concentration has improved. In 2009, the proportion of crude steel production in the top five domestic steel companies in the national production increased from 28.6% in 2008 to 29.1%, an increase of 0.5 percentage points over the previous year.
The problem of overcapacity is outstanding. In 2009, China's steel production capacity has exceeded 700 million tons. In the same year, the domestic market crude steel surface consumption was 565 million tons, of which about 30 million tons entered social stocks, and the actual consumption was less than 530 million tons. Capacity is still expanding blindly. In 2009, the fixed investment growth rate of the steel industry remained at around 20%.
The task of eliminating backward production capacity is arduous. In 2009, the country eliminated 21.13 million tons of backward ironmaking capacity and eliminated 16.71 million tons of backward steelmaking capacity. There are also about 100 million tons of ironmaking and 11.29 million tons of steelmaking capacity that do not meet the industrial policy requirements and need to be phased out by the end of 2011.
Operational factor constraints are exacerbated. Domestic iron ore demand has increased year by year, and external dependence has been rising. In 2009, it was close to 70%, up 13% over the previous year. Imports accounted for 75% of the world's iron ore trade volume, using a large amount of imported iron ore. The risks of supporting steel development are growing. In 2009, the total energy consumption of the steel industry was more than 300 million tons, accounting for more than 10% of the country's total energy consumption. Carbon dioxide emissions accounted for about 14% of the national emissions. To fulfill the binding targets set by the government, the steel industry has an arduous task. .
The non-ferrous metals industry is driven by demand and the production capacity is accelerated. In 2009, the output of ten non-ferrous metals was 26.5 million tons, up 5.2% year-on-year. Among them, the average daily output in the first quarter was 59,800 tons, and the second, third and fourth quarters respectively rose to 69,500 tons, 78,700 tons and 85,500 tons. In the first quarter, it increased by 16.2%, 31.6% and 43% respectively; the annual output of electrolytic copper was 4.14 million tons, up 9.1% over the previous year, the output of electrolytic aluminum was 12.97 million tons, down 1.5%, and the average daily output was 11.3 million tons and 3.55 respectively. Ten thousand tons. From January to February this year, the output of ten non-ferrous metals was 4.78 million tons, up 39.4% year-on-year, and the average daily output was 81,100 tons, which remained high. The output of electrolytic copper and electrolytic aluminum increased by 16.2% and 45.6% respectively. It has reached 11.9 million tons and 43,600 tons respectively. It is estimated that the output of electrolytic copper and electrolytic aluminum will increase by 5% and 10% respectively in 2010.
Through the implementation of energy-saving and emission reduction technologies and the elimination of backward production capacity, the main energy consumption indicators have been significantly reduced. In 2009, the industry's production increased by 14.1% and energy consumption decreased by 2%. The DC power consumption per ton of aluminum is 13,118 kWh, a decrease of 136 kWh compared with the same period of last year; the comprehensive energy consumption per ton of crude lead smelting is 459 kg of standard coal, which is 14 kg of standard coal reduction; the comprehensive energy consumption per ton of alumina is 657 kg of standard coal, which is 14 kg of standard coal. . The annual production capacity of small prebaked cell electrolytic aluminum was 300,000 tons, and the backward lead smelting capacity was eliminated by 250,000 tons.
Steady progress in mergers and acquisitions, industry concentration has improved. The average production capacity of domestic electrolytic aluminum enterprises reached 195,000 tons/year, of which 15 were electrolytic aluminum enterprises with a scale of 500,000 tons/year, and the total production capacity accounted for 55% of the total production capacity, an increase of 12 percentage points over 2008.
Although the investment growth has declined somewhat, the problem of overcapacity remains outstanding. In 2009, the fixed asset investment of the whole industry increased by 16.5% over the previous year, and the growth rate dropped by 26 percentage points year-on-year. However, some enterprises blindly pursued the scale effect and the impulse to expand the scale did not decrease. The capacity of electrolytic aluminum has expanded from 18 million tons in 2008 to 20 million tons, and there are more than 2 million tons under construction.
Prices have risen sharply, but the trend is uncertain. In December 2009, the prices of copper and aluminum in the domestic market reached 55.30 million yuan/ton and 161,000 yuan/ton respectively, up 107% and 45% respectively from the end of 2008. By February of this year, the prices of copper and aluminum in the domestic market rebounded to 58.82 million yuan / ton and 16.9 million yuan / ton.
Building materials industry In 2009, the national cement output reached 1.65 billion tons, an increase of 16% over the previous year; the output of flat glass was 580 million weight boxes, down 1.7%, mainly due to the sharp drop in ordinary glass. From January to February this year, the output of cement and flat glass was 199 million tons and 99.11 million weight boxes respectively, up 26.5% and 12.7% respectively. Cement production is expected to approach 1.8 billion tons in 2010, and flat glass production exceeds 600 million weight boxes.
The proportion of new dry process cement production has historically exceeded the 70% mark. In 2009, the output of new dry process cement clinker increased by 23.8% compared with the previous year. The output of vertical kiln and other process cement clinker decreased by 6.1%, and the proportion of new dry process reached 72.5%, an increase of 9.7 percentage points over the previous year.
The industrial concentration of the cement industry has further improved. In 2009, the number of cement enterprises (groups) with an annual production capacity of over 3 million tons reached 49, and 18 of them reached 10 million tons. The proportion of cement clinker production accounted for 49.3% and 37.6% respectively, which was higher than that of the previous year. 5 percentage points. Large cement enterprise groups with cement production exceeding 100 million tons have emerged.
Cement production capacity and flat glass face a serious excess. The cement production capacity has reached 1.96 billion tons, while the cement production line under construction has exceeded 400, the new production capacity will exceed 600 million tons; the flat glass production capacity has reached 640 million tons, and many localities and enterprises are still keen on projects and expansion. It is arduous to eliminate backward tasks. In 2009, the production capacity of backward cement clinker was eliminated by 74.16 million tons, and the production capacity of backward flat glass was 6 million weight boxes. There are also 250 million tons of cement, 30 million weight boxes of flat glass production capacity can not meet the industrial policy requirements, need to be eliminated before the end of 2011.
Petrochemical industry In 2009, the added value of oil and chemical industry above designated size increased by 10.1% over the previous year, and the growth rate increased by 2.6 percentage points year-on-year; the added value of chemical industry increased by 15.9%, up 5.9 percentage points year-on-year. Among the main products, crude oil production reached 189 million tons, down 3.1%; natural gas production was 85.2 billion cubic meters, up 6.1%; sulfuric acid production was 59.6 million tons, up 16.9%; soda ash production was 19.38 million tons, up 3%; caustic soda production was 18.32 million Tons, down 1.1%; ethylene production was 10.66 million tons, up 8%; fertilizer (purified) output was 66 million tons, up 9.8%. From January to February this year, the added value of the petroleum and chemical industry increased by 17.6% year-on-year, of which the chemical industry increased by 27.3%. It is expected to increase by 12% and 17% respectively, the crude oil output is close to 200 million tons, and the output of ethylene and fertilizer is 1300 respectively. 10,000 tons and about 67 million tons.
The industrial layout is gradually optimized. Strictly control the new layout of the refining ethylene project. Completed 10 sets of 10 million tons of oil refining and 1 million tons of ethylene integrated equipment in Xinjiang Dushanzi, Fujian Refining and Chemical and Tianjin Petrochemical, and 10 million tons of oil refining equipment in Guangdong Nanhai Petrochemical, forming 20 million tons of refining oil before the end of 2011 The base and 11 million tons of vinyl have created conditions. Promote the preliminary projects of projects such as the integration of Sinopec and refining.
Positive progress has been made in eliminating backwardness. In 2009, the elimination of backward calcium carbide production capacity was 460,000 tons, and the backward coke production capacity was 18.09 million tons. The low-level nitrogen and phosphate fertilizer enterprises, which accounted for about 5% of the total industry, were eliminated, and the production of five highly pesticide varieties such as methamidophos was completely stopped. .
In some industries, there is a serious overcapacity, and the blind expansion is not diminished. At present, China's calcium carbide production capacity is about 22 million tons, the output is only 15 million tons, the capacity utilization rate is only 68%; the coke production capacity is about 440 million tons, the output is only 345 million tons, the production capacity is idle nearly 100 million tons; the methanol production capacity is about 23 million tons, the output Only 11.3 million tons, the capacity is idle more than half. According to industry associations, there are about 7 million tons, 30 million tons and 8.6 million tons of calcium carbide, coke and methanol capacity under construction. In addition, some inorganic salts, inorganic bases, chemical fertilizers, pesticides, etc. also have different levels of overcapacity problems.
(II) Equipment Industry Vigorously promote structural adjustment and optimization and upgrading, bringing new opportunities to the development of equipment manufacturing industry. In 2009, the growth rate of the equipment manufacturing industry (including automobiles and ships), which accounted for 18.9% of the added value of industrial enterprises above designated size, reached 13.8%, down 3.3 percentage points from the previous year. From January to February this year, under the stimulation of automobile production, the added value of the equipment manufacturing industry increased by 28.1% year-on-year, ranking first in all industries. With the implementation of various policies and measures for the adjustment and revitalization of the top ten industries, including supporting enterprises to strengthen technological transformation, the role of investment in the equipment manufacturing industry will be further enhanced. Automobile production and sales will continue to boom in both production and sales, but the growth rate will fall sharply in the second half of last year. It is estimated that the growth rate of equipment manufacturing industry in 2010 will be around 13%.
The pace of product structure adjustment has accelerated. Driven by the implementation of special investment in the adjustment and revitalization of key industries and technological transformation, new product development has become more active. In 2009, the output value of new products in the equipment manufacturing industry increased by 24.2% over the previous year, which was 6.8 percentage points higher than the total output value of the whole industry. The machine tool industry structure optimization and upgrading trend is obvious. In 2009, the numerical control rate of metal processing, cutting and forming machine tool value of machine tool manufacturing enterprises increased by 3.4, 3.3 and 4.5 percentage points respectively, and the average unit price of metal cutting and CNC metal cutting machine tools increased. Increase by 22% and 9% respectively.
Important progress has been made in the autonomy of equipment. The technical parameters of the 700,000-kilowatt hydropower unit are world-leading. The reliability of the 1 million-kilowatt ultra-supercritical thermal power unit is close to that of the imported similar unit. The market share of domestic equipment for wind power generation is over 70%. The large-scale PTA plant with full-scale domestically produced technology was completed and put into operation. The three main compressors required for one million tons of ethylene were successfully developed, and the daily production of 50 million tons of dry process cement equipment was 100% localized. The localization rate of 250 km/h high-speed EMUs has reached more than 70%, and the 350 km/h EMUs have been independently developed on the basis of digestion and absorption. China's steel industry from the blast furnace, coke oven, sintering to steelmaking, cold rolling equipment, all localized.
Under the influence of the policy of small-displacement passenger car purchase tax reduction, automobile going to the countryside and trade-in, the automobile industry is booming in production and sales. According to the statistics of the Automobile Industry Association, in 2009, 13.79 million vehicles were produced and 13.64 million vehicles were sold, up 48.2% and 46.1% respectively over the previous year; among them, 10.38 million passenger cars were produced, an increase of 54.1%. China's automobile production and sales rank first in the world. From January to February this year, the company produced a total of 2.82 million vehicles and 2.88 million vehicles, up 92.4% and 83.9% year-on-year respectively. It continues to maintain a high level of production and sales. It is estimated that China's automobile production will reach 15 million vehicles in 2010, an increase from the previous year. About 10%.
The policy boosts the demand structure further. In 2009, the output of cars and minibuses of 1.6 liters and below increased by 66.8% and 83.8% respectively over the previous year, which became the main force driving the growth of the automobile market; the annual sales of passenger cars with a displacement of 1.6 liters and below were 10.33 million, and the market share reached 70. %, an increase of 8 percentage points over the previous year, effectively supporting energy conservation and emission reduction work.
Outstanding brand achievements are outstanding. In 2009, it sold 4.58 million self-owned brand passenger vehicles, accounting for 44.3% of the passenger vehicle market, up 4.4 percentage points over the previous year; among them, it sold 2.22 million self-owned brand cars, accounting for 29.7% of the car market share. Increase by 3.8 percentage points.
Energy-saving and new energy vehicle industrialization is actively promoted. Five batches of recommended models for energy-saving and new-energy vehicle demonstration and application projects have been issued. Relevant departments are working hard to formulate and promote the development of new energy vehicle industry development policies and related technology policies.
Despite the severe impact of the international financial crisis, the shipbuilding industry in China continued to maintain a stable growth trend in 2009 under the extremely unfavorable situation of the international shipping and new ship market continued to slump. The annual shipbuilding completion volume reached 42.43 million. The deadweight tons increased by 47% over the previous year, and its share of the world market rose from 29.5% in 2008 to 34.8%, ranking second in the world. With the support of export buyer credit and other policies, in 2009, China's shipbuilding enterprises received orders of 26 million deadweight tons, accounting for 61.6% of global new ship orders. From January to February this year, the completion of shipbuilding reached 9.18 million DWT, an increase of 1.68 times compared with the same period of last year; the new orders reached 5.72 million DWT, an increase of 7.67 times compared with the same period of last year, and has not yet returned to normal level.
Positive progress has been made in the construction of major industrial bases. The first phase of Shanghai Changxing Shipbuilding Base, the Qingdao Haixiwan Shipbuilding and Repairing Base, and the first phase of Guangzhou Longxue Shipbuilding Base have been completed and put into operation. The three major shipbuilding bases in the Yangtze River estuary, Bohai Bay and Zhujiangkou have begun to take shape and shipbuilding infrastructure. To achieve world-class level.
The problem of overcapacity caused by repeated construction has become apparent. China's shipbuilding capacity has reached 66 million DWT. As new orders are mainly concentrated in a few key enterprises, many companies have faced the problem of insufficient production capacity. The contradiction of structural overcapacity is prominent. Most of the companies mainly produce conventional ship types such as bulk carriers, container ships and oil tankers. The production capacity of high-tech and high value-added ships is insufficient (less than 10% of the world market share), marine engineering equipment design, final assembly technology and core supporting equipment. Still relying mainly on foreign countries.
(III) Consumer goods industry Under the situation of domestic consumption support and export recovery, the consumer goods industry will continue to maintain a stable operation. In 2009, the growth rate of the consumer goods industry, which accounted for 29.4% of the added value of industrial enterprises above designated size, reached 10.8%, down 2.7 percentage points from the previous year, and reached 15.9% from January to February this year. In 2010, whether the consumer goods industry can achieve steady and rapid growth depends mainly on whether exports can achieve a rebound. In the case of a global economic recovery, the export situation is expected to be better than last year, and production growth is expected to reach around 11%.
Increasing the export tax rebate rate has slowed down the sharp decline in exports of textiles and other products. In 2009, the export delivery value of the consumer goods industry fell by 4.1% year-on-year, with the light industry and textile industry down 5.4% and 3% respectively. The export of consumer goods experienced a decline of 11 consecutive months from November 2008 to September last year. The export delivery value of the first half of the year basically fell back to the same period of 2007. With the rebound in international market demand, foreign trade exports have shown a recovery growth. In the second half of the year, the volume of the track continued to rise in 2007, and the trend of recovery after October was stable. In November and December, the export value of the consumer goods industry increased by 5.9% and 12.1% respectively. From January to February this year, the export delivery value of the consumer goods industry increased by 16.5% year-on-year. It is expected that the export value of the consumer goods industry will increase by more than 10%.
In the textile industry in 2009, the added value of textile enterprises above designated size increased by 9.1% over the previous year, and the growth rate dropped by 1.2 percentage points year-on-year. Among the main products, the yarn output was 23.94 million tons, the cloth output was 74 billion meters, and the chemical fiber was 27.3 million tons, an increase of 12.7%, 4.2% and 13% respectively over the previous year. From January to February this year, the added value of the textile industry increased by 13.4% year-on-year; the output of yarn, cloth and chemical fiber increased by 26.6%, 51.2% and 17.1% respectively, with an increase of 20.7, 56.2 and 13.2 percentage points respectively.
The international market share has remained basically stable. According to statistics from relevant departments, in 2009, China's textile and apparel products accounted for 39.3% of the US market, and sales were significantly better than those of Vietnam and India; the share in the Japanese market was 78.6%, up 1.9 from the previous year. Percentage points. In the second half of last year, especially after October, international orders increased significantly, and corporate exports recovered rapidly.
The pace of industrial upgrading has accelerated. In 2009, China's self-produced textile machinery equipment market share reached 75%, an increase of 5 percentage points over the previous year. The chemical fiber differential rate increased to 40%, an increase of 5 percentage points over the previous year. Eliminate 1.37 million tons of backward production capacity in the chemical fiber industry, and eliminate more than half of the backward printing and dyeing equipment in the Taihu Lake area such as Wuxi, Suzhou and Changzhou.
It is arduous to control the blind expansion of production capacity and eliminate backward tasks. China's fiber processing volume is close to 50% of the global processing volume. In recent years, capacity expansion has been rapid, and the low-level redundant construction and medium-high level homogenization development tend to be obvious. Due to the shrinking demand in the international market and the rapid growth of competitors, Competition in the international market is becoming increasingly fierce, and the contradiction of overcapacity is prominent. At the same time, backward production capacity also accounts for a considerable proportion, competing with the market for advanced production capacity, rushing resources, hindering industrial development and improving product quality.
In the light industry, in 2009, the added value of light industrial enterprises above designated size increased by 11.2% over the previous year, and the growth rate dropped by 3.1 percentage points year-on-year. From January to February this year, the added value of the light industry increased by 16.9% year-on-year.
The policies of “home appliances going to the countryside†and “old-for-new†have obvious effects. In 2009, the output of household refrigerators and washing machines reached 59.31 million units and 49.36 million units respectively, up 24.7% and 13% respectively over the previous year; the output of room air conditioners was 80.78 million units, although it decreased by 1.9%, but the growth rate after August Continuously maintained at 27% or more. From January to February this year, the output of the 12 major household electrical appliances monitored by the company maintained a certain increase year-on-year. The output of household refrigerators, washing machines and room air conditioners increased by 45.8%, 27.7% and 47.5% respectively.
The decline in exports has shrunk month by month, and the share in major international markets such as the US, Europe and Japan has been basically stable. According to customs statistics, in 2009, China’s exports of light industrial products fell by 10.2% from the previous year, and the decline was significantly smaller than the overall decline in national exports, narrowing by 4.9 and 3 percentage points respectively from January to February and the first eight months. The decline in key export industries such as furniture and home appliances has slowed down considerably compared with the beginning of the year and the first half of the year.
Industrial transfer has accelerated, but it faces many problems. At present, the output value of light industry in the eastern part of China accounts for more than 70% of the total output value of light industry in the country. Due to factors such as energy, resources, environment and employment, some light industry in the eastern region is developing more and more difficult, while in the central and western regions. Have a comparative advantage. Traditional industries such as home appliances, leather, ceramics and fermentation have begun to shift from coastal areas to the central and western regions. Anhui, Hubei, Chongqing, Sichuan and other provinces and cities are actively undertaking industrial transfer. However, in general, due to the lack of unified planning guidance, the level of industrial transfer is not high, the industrial chain is incomplete and not connected, and the industrial support is poor. How to combine the orderly guidance of industrial transfer and the realization of industrial optimization and upgrading, it is necessary to strengthen policy research. And scientific planning.
It is arduous to save energy and reduce emissions and eliminate backward tasks. Light industry main pollutants (COD) emissions account for about 50% of the national industry, wastewater discharge accounts for 28%, energy-saving emission reduction tasks in food, paper and leather industries with large pollution emissions are arduous. In 2009, the elimination of backward papermaking capacity of 500,000 tons, alcohol production capacity of 360,000 tons, MSG 35,000 tons, still 2 million tons of paper production capacity can not meet the industrial policy requirements, need to be eliminated before the end of 2011, the annual processing capacity is 30,000 The tanning production line below the standard is also very difficult.
(IV) Electronics Industry Due to the high dependence on foreign trade, the electronics manufacturing industry is most affected by the international financial crisis in all major categories of industry. In 2009, the growth rate of the electronics industry, which accounted for 5.8% of the total industrial added value of the above-scale enterprises, was 5.3%, which was 5.7 percentage points lower than that of all industries; the export delivery value decreased by 5.5% year-on-year, which was less than 4.6 percentage points of the total industry. From January to February this year, the added value of the electronics industry increased by 26.3% year-on-year, and the export delivery value increased by 27.8%. Production and exports have begun to rise steadily. This year's export situation is expected to continue to improve, and the annual growth rate of electronics manufacturing production will reach about 10%.
Efforts have been made to overcome the adverse effects of a sharp decline in external demand, and the international market share of key products has increased. In 2009, China's mobile phone production was 619 million units, color TV output was 98.99 million units, and microcomputer output was 182 million units, up 10.7%, 9.6% and 33.3% respectively over the previous year, accounting for 50% and 48% of global shipments, respectively. 60% (about 8 , 4 and 14 percentage points higher than the previous year). From January to February this year, the output of mobile phones, color TVs and microcomputers reached 108 million, 18.1 million and 31.97 million, respectively, up 29.7%, 68.6% and 41.3% respectively.
The development of domestic-funded enterprises has accelerated. In 2009, the sales value of domestic-funded enterprises increased by 17.6% year-on-year, and the proportion of industry output value increased from 23.4% in the previous year to 26.7%; investment increased by 49.5% year-on-year, and the proportion of the industry increased from 49.5% in the previous year to 63.5%.
Breakthrough in industry consolidation. CEC has become the world's largest display manufacturer, TPV Technology, and has become the largest shareholder; Shenzhen BYD's acquisition of Ningbo Zhongwei Complex will have a positive impact on the development of the integrated circuit industry; the domestic large IC packaging company Jiangsu Changjiang Technology Indirect The acquisition of Singapore APS Company has mastered advanced packaging technologies such as laminate packaging, which has significantly enhanced the competitiveness of enterprises.
The core competitiveness is still not strong. As the core technologies of basic industries such as new components, integrated circuits, and flat panel displays are subject to people, the growth in demand for downstream complete products such as color TVs, computers, and communication equipment is unlikely to drive these upstream industries to rebound. It is necessary to further increase policy guidance and support, and focus on solving the fundamental problems that restrict the development of the industry, such as the lack of core technologies and weak supporting capabilities.
Fourth, vigorously promote the transformation of development mode and industrial structure adjustment In 2010, while consolidating the recovery and improving the foundation, we will vigorously promote the transformation of industrial structure and development mode to a more prominent position, and continuously improve the quality and efficiency of industrial growth.
(1) Continue to expand domestic demand and focus on improving the driving role of consumption. Expanding domestic demand is a long-term strategic guideline and basic foothold for China's industrial development. We must vigorously develop the domestic market, improve the supply structure, and guide the promotion of consumption. Give full play to the role of consumption in driving economic growth. We must focus on how to shift from stimulating recent consumption to improving consumer spending, and paying attention to the transition from short-term policy to long-term policy. Accelerate the growth rate of residents' income and increase the proportion of residents' income in national income. Focus on accelerating product innovation and cultivating consumption hotspots. Encourage enterprises to adapt to the needs of urban and rural consumption upgrading, and produce products that are marketable and can guide consumption.
(2) Grasping key difficulties and focusing on promoting industrial optimization and upgrading. While consolidating the industrial recovery and improving the foundation, we will focus on promoting structural adjustment so that industrial growth is based on structural optimization. Pay more attention to technological transformation and independent innovation, improve the system and mechanism, and guide enterprises to increase technological transformation and product research and development investment in the weak links of industrial development such as variety quality, energy saving, environmental protection and safe production. We will improve industrial policies, strengthen industry access management, give full play to the role of market mechanisms, and comprehensively apply laws, economics, technology, and necessary administrative means to accelerate the elimination of backward production capacity. Breaking industry monopolies and regional blockades, improving the policy environment, reducing restructuring costs, and promoting mergers and acquisitions. Promote cleaner production, save production, and safe production, strengthen comprehensive utilization, and develop a circular economy.
(3) Implementing policy measures and focusing on optimizing the development environment of the enterprise. Improve policies and measures to support the development of SMEs. We will improve the credit assessment system for small enterprises, encourage local governments to establish small enterprise loan risk subsidy funds, accelerate the establishment of national and regional re-guarantee institutions, and improve the financial risk subsidy mechanism to effectively solve the problem of financing difficulties for small enterprises. Accelerate the establishment of a national SME development fund. Continue to promote the growth of SMEs and support the construction of a number of small business start-up bases. Support the technological progress and service system construction of SMEs.
(4) Increase support and focus on cultivating and developing strategic emerging industries. Scientifically formulate plans and clarify development priorities. Increase support for independent innovation, continuously improve research and development capabilities, strive to break through core technologies and key common technologies, form a number of independent technologies and standards, and promote the development of strategic emerging industries. Vigorously develop venture capital funds to achieve effective links between the development of emerging strategic industries and capital markets.
(V) Actively promote reforms and focus on breaking through institutional and institutional obstacles. Accelerate the reform of the income distribution system and actively promote the price system reform of resources and resource products. We will implement various policies to relax market access and expand the field of private capital investment. Efforts will be made to solve the problems of institutional mechanisms that restrict the development of SMEs, and steadily promote the reform of relevant institutional mechanisms that restrict mergers and acquisitions and eliminate backwardness.完善市场规范，鼓励有效竞争，促进生产性æœåŠ¡è¡Œä¸šçš„市场化å‘展。
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The eastern region has steadily recovered and the central and western regions have accelerated growth. In 2009, the added value of industrial enterprises above designated size in the eastern, central and western regions increased by 9.7%, 12.1% and 15.5% respectively over the previous year. From January to February this year, the added value of industrial enterprises above designated size in the eastern, central and western regions increased by 19.4%, 24% and 22.1% respectively.
The ex-factory price of industrial products continued to rise, and the efficiency of enterprises improved significantly. After the industrial product price has experienced a sharp decline in the past six months since the fourth quarter of 2008, from April 2009 to February this year, the chain has maintained a 11-month rebound. From January to February this year, the ex-factory price of industrial products increased by 4.9% year-on-year.
From January to November 2009, the profits and losses of industrial enterprises above designated size reached 2.59 trillion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 7.8%; the total amount of taxes paid was 2.11 trillion yuan, up 14.8%; the loss of enterprises was reduced from 25.3% in January-February to 17.4. %, the loss of loss-making enterprises fell by 33.5% year-on-year.
The operational difficulties of SMEs have eased, and the ability to absorb employment has increased significantly. In 2009, the industrial added value of small and medium-sized enterprises above designated size increased by 13.6% over the previous year; the growth rate from January to February this year reached 21.6%. From January to November 2009, the company realized a profit of 1.75 trillion yuan and a tax of 1.17 trillion yuan, an increase of 18.2% and 14.2% over the same period of the previous year, accounting for 67.4% and 55.2% of all industrial enterprises above designated size. As the production situation improves, the number of SMEs recruiting employment climbs month by month. From September to November 2009, the average number of employees of small and medium-sized enterprises above designated size reached 68.7 million, an increase of 4.53 million from March to May, and an increase of 3.15 million from June to August.
Industrial growth was mainly driven by domestic demand, and the export situation initially improved. In 2009, the sales value of industrial enterprises above designated size increased by 9.4% over the previous year; the export delivery value decreased by 10.1% year-on-year, and the decrease was 4.6 percentage points lower than the previous three quarters. The proportion of export delivery value to total sales value decreased from 16.7% in the same period of last year to 13.7%. From January to February this year, the sales value of industrial enterprises above designated size increased by 37.5% year-on-year; the export delivery value increased by 22.5% year-on-year, accounting for only 12.9% of the total sales value. Monthly exports gradually recovered to the same level as before the international financial crisis.
Industrial investment continued to grow, and the special effects of technological transformation were significant. In 2009, industrial investment was 8.04 trillion yuan, an increase of 26.2% over the previous year, accounting for 41.4% of urban fixed asset investment; of which, manufacturing investment was 5.88 trillion yuan, up 26.8%. Industrial investment in January-February this year increased by 21% year-on-year. In 2009, the central government arranged a special fund for technological transformation of 20 billion yuan, mainly adopting interest subsidy methods to support enterprises to strengthen technological transformation, and issued 4,441 investment plans with a total investment of 632.6 billion yuan, stimulating social investment 28 times.
The structural adjustment was steadily advanced, and positive progress was made in energy conservation and consumption reduction. Through joint restructuring, there are 11 large steel enterprises with a capacity of more than 10 million tons of crude steel, including Baosteel, Wuhan Iron and Steel, Hebei Iron and Steel, more than 30 million tons, and Angang Steel, Shandong Iron and Steel, and Shagang more than 20 million tons. The joint reorganization of large-scale enterprises such as Chinalco, China Metallurgical and Minmetals has made positive progress. There are 5 enterprise groups with sales of over one million vehicles. After hard work, the backward steelmaking, ironmaking and cement production capacity was 16.91 million tons, 21.13 million tons and 74.16 million tons, flat glass, electrolytic aluminum, coke, ferroalloy, calcium carbide, paper, alcohol, monosodium glutamate, citric acid. The industry has basically completed the elimination tasks scheduled for the year. In 2009, the added value of industrial units above designated size decreased by 9% compared with the previous year, water consumption decreased by 8.2%, and the comprehensive utilization rate of industrial solid waste reached 65%.
Second, the domestic and international environment facing industrial development in 2010 From the international perspective, the world economy is expected to resume growth. Many institutions such as the World Bank and Bank of Asia predict that global economic growth in 2010 will be roughly between 3.2% and 3.9%. The latest data from the International Monetary Fund (IMF) shows that the global economy contracted by 0.8% in 2009 and is expected to grow by 3.9% in 2010. In 2009, global trade volume fell by 12.3%, and is expected to increase by 5.8% in 2010; Eurozone, USA, Japan 2009 The economic growth rate is -3.9%, -2.5% and -5.3%, respectively, and is expected to increase by 1%, 2.7% and 1.7% respectively in 2010; it is expected that the growth rate of emerging and developing economies will be nearly 4% higher than that of advanced economies in 2010. Percentage points, of which 8.4% in developing Asia, 10% in China, 7.7% in India, 4.7% in five ASEAN countries, and 4.7% in the Middle East. In recent years, China's exports to emerging economies such as India, Brazil, and ASEAN have increased year by year, and the rapid economic recovery of emerging economies is conducive to China's export growth.
At the same time, we must see that there is still greater uncertainty in the overall recovery of the world economy, and the recovery of the world economy will undergo a slow and complicated process. The economic growth of major developed countries is weak, the employment situation has not improved, consumption is sluggish, capacity utilization is low, and commodity prices in the international market may fluctuate. The potential financial risks have not been eliminated. Various forms of trade protectionism have been reinforced and the pressure for RMB appreciation has increased. The new scientific and technological revolution has had a greater impact on China's traditional economic development model.
From the domestic perspective, the macro environment is moderately loose. This year, it plans to arrange a fiscal deficit of 1.05 trillion yuan to continue to implement a structural tax reduction policy to promote the expansion of domestic demand and economic restructuring. The broad money M2 growth target is about 17%, and the new RMB loan is about 7.5 trillion yuan. Continue to implement and improve various policies and measures to encourage consumption, which will greatly increase the maximum price of home appliances to the countryside, increase the variety and model, and expand the scope of subsidies; further improve the policy of replacing old appliances and cars with cars and motorcycles to the countryside. The car purchase tax is levied at 7.5%. Indicators reflecting the operating conditions of the real economy and market expectations are steadily picking up. The total retail sales of urban fixed assets and social consumer goods maintained a relatively high growth rate (26.6% and 17.9% respectively in January-February this year). The business climate index, entrepreneur confidence index and manufacturing purchasing managers' index all exceeded the pre-existing international financial crisis. Level. The ability and competitiveness of enterprises to adapt to market changes has been improved. In particular, after the promulgation of certain opinions of the State Council on further promoting the development of small and medium-sized enterprises, it will further optimize the development environment of enterprises and enhance the momentum and vitality of economic development.
While seeing the favorable aspects, we must also clearly understand that there are still many factors that restrict the long-term development of China's industrial economy: First, the constraints of resources and environment. China's industrial energy consumption accounts for 70% of the country's total energy consumption. The external dependence of petroleum, iron ore, bauxite and copper mines is increasing (over 50%), sulfur dioxide, chemical oxygen demand and carbon dioxide emissions. They account for 86%, 38% and 70% of the country respectively, and the pressure on sustainable development is great. China has proposed a binding indicator that the carbon dioxide emissions per unit of GDP in 2020 will fall by 40% to 45% compared with 2005. It will take a lot of effort to achieve this goal. Second, insufficient capacity for independent innovation. For a long time, China's industrial growth has relied too much on the international market, mainly relying on material resources input, and its technology content is low. Many industries are at the middle and low end of the global industrial chain, and the proportion of high-tech industries is relatively low. The development of emerging industries is generally lagging behind, and industrial development has not yet gone. The track of innovation-driven, endogenous growth. Third, the adjustment of industrial structure is lagging behind. In recent years, investment in some industries has grown too fast, the industrial structure is irrational, the layout of enterprises is scattered, and the industrial concentration is low. In some important industries such as steel, cement, electrolytic aluminum, copper smelting, and coke, backward production capacity still accounts for a large proportion, and wind power equipment, Emerging industries such as polysilicon also have a tendency to build disorderly. The fourth is institutional and institutional obstacles. Some regions have placed too much emphasis on scale expansion and neglected the quality of development. The prices of capital, land, labor, raw materials and other factors are severely distorted, and resources are excessively invested and wasteful. The work of optimizing the industrial structure and eliminating backward production capacity is faced with problems such as lack of understanding, inadequate policies, and imperfect exit mechanisms.
III. Operation status and development trend of major industries This year, the industrial development environment is generally better than last year. However, the task of continuing to cope with the international financial crisis, maintaining stable and rapid development of the industrial economy, and accelerating the transformation of development mode is still very arduous. The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology proposed that the main expected targets for industrial development this year are: the added value of industrial enterprises above designated size will increase by about 11% year-on-year, and the export delivery value will increase by about 8%. Industrial investment, including technological transformation, has grown by around 20%. The energy consumption per 10,000 yuan of industrial added value decreased by 7%, and the comprehensive utilization rate of industrial solid waste increased by 1.5 percentage points. The task of eliminating backward production capacity as determined by the State Council was completed on schedule.
The operating conditions, characteristics and development trends of major industries are as follows:
(I) Raw material industry Investment is the main force driving the growth of the raw material industry. In 2009, the growth rate of raw materials industry, which accounted for about 32% of the added value of industrial enterprises above designated size, reached 12%, an increase of 1.6 percentage points over the previous year. The growth rate in January-February this year reached 20.7%, mainly due to the low base in the same period last year. The speed is only 3.1%). It is expected that with the decline in investment growth, the growth rate of raw materials industry will slow down in 2010, and the annual growth rate will fall back to around 11%. Two prominent problems faced by the raw material industry: First, serious overcapacity and backward production capacity cannot be withdrawn in time. Similar problems exist in industries such as steel, nonferrous metals and cement. Second, energy resources are constrained. With the tight supply and demand situation of coal, electricity and oil, It will have a great impact on the industrial production of raw materials (see Table 6).
Steel industry In 2009, the country's crude steel output was 568 million tons, up 12.9% year-on-year; the average daily production of steel was 1.56 million tons. From January to February this year, the country's crude steel output was 103 million tons, up 25.4% year-on-year, and the daily average steel production was 1.644 million tons, a record high. It is expected that the crude steel output will increase by about 10% this year.
Energy conservation and emission reduction have progressed steadily. In 2009, the key large and medium-sized iron and steel enterprises (the output of crude steel accounted for about 80% of the national output), the comprehensive energy consumption per ton of steel was 619 kilograms of standard coal, 4.4 tons of new water consumption, and 1.1 kilograms of smoke dust, down 1.7% and 12.8 respectively over the previous year. % and 10.7%. Industry concentration has improved. In 2009, the proportion of crude steel production in the top five domestic steel companies in the national production increased from 28.6% in 2008 to 29.1%, an increase of 0.5 percentage points over the previous year.
The problem of overcapacity is outstanding. In 2009, China's steel production capacity has exceeded 700 million tons. In the same year, the domestic market crude steel surface consumption was 565 million tons, of which about 30 million tons entered social stocks, and the actual consumption was less than 530 million tons. Capacity is still expanding blindly. In 2009, the fixed investment growth rate of the steel industry remained at around 20%.
The task of eliminating backward production capacity is arduous. In 2009, the country eliminated 21.13 million tons of backward ironmaking capacity and eliminated 16.71 million tons of backward steelmaking capacity. There are also about 100 million tons of ironmaking and 11.29 million tons of steelmaking capacity that do not meet the industrial policy requirements and need to be phased out by the end of 2011.
Operational factor constraints are exacerbated. Domestic iron ore demand has increased year by year, and external dependence has been rising. In 2009, it was close to 70%, up 13% over the previous year. Imports accounted for 75% of the world's iron ore trade volume, using a large amount of imported iron ore. The risks of supporting steel development are growing. In 2009, the total energy consumption of the steel industry was more than 300 million tons, accounting for more than 10% of the country's total energy consumption. Carbon dioxide emissions accounted for about 14% of the national emissions. To fulfill the binding targets set by the government, the steel industry has an arduous task. .
The non-ferrous metals industry is driven by demand and the production capacity is accelerated. In 2009, the output of ten non-ferrous metals was 26.5 million tons, up 5.2% year-on-year. Among them, the average daily output in the first quarter was 59,800 tons, and the second, third and fourth quarters respectively rose to 69,500 tons, 78,700 tons and 85,500 tons. In the first quarter, it increased by 16.2%, 31.6% and 43% respectively; the annual output of electrolytic copper was 4.14 million tons, up 9.1% over the previous year, the output of electrolytic aluminum was 12.97 million tons, down 1.5%, and the average daily output was 11.3 million tons and 3.55 respectively. Ten thousand tons. From January to February this year, the output of ten non-ferrous metals was 4.78 million tons, up 39.4% year-on-year, and the average daily output was 81,100 tons, which remained high. The output of electrolytic copper and electrolytic aluminum increased by 16.2% and 45.6% respectively. It has reached 11.9 million tons and 43,600 tons respectively. It is estimated that the output of electrolytic copper and electrolytic aluminum will increase by 5% and 10% respectively in 2010.
Through the implementation of energy-saving and emission reduction technologies and the elimination of backward production capacity, the main energy consumption indicators have been significantly reduced. In 2009, the industry's production increased by 14.1% and energy consumption decreased by 2%. The DC power consumption per ton of aluminum is 13,118 kWh, a decrease of 136 kWh compared with the same period of last year; the comprehensive energy consumption per ton of crude lead smelting is 459 kg of standard coal, which is 14 kg of standard coal reduction; the comprehensive energy consumption per ton of alumina is 657 kg of standard coal, which is 14 kg of standard coal. . The annual production capacity of small prebaked cell electrolytic aluminum was 300,000 tons, and the backward lead smelting capacity was eliminated by 250,000 tons.
Steady progress in mergers and acquisitions, industry concentration has improved. The average production capacity of domestic electrolytic aluminum enterprises reached 195,000 tons/year, of which 15 were electrolytic aluminum enterprises with a scale of 500,000 tons/year, and the total production capacity accounted for 55% of the total production capacity, an increase of 12 percentage points over 2008.
Although the investment growth has declined somewhat, the problem of overcapacity remains outstanding. In 2009, the fixed asset investment of the whole industry increased by 16.5% over the previous year, and the growth rate dropped by 26 percentage points year-on-year. However, some enterprises blindly pursued the scale effect and the impulse to expand the scale did not decrease. The capacity of electrolytic aluminum has expanded from 18 million tons in 2008 to 20 million tons, and there are more than 2 million tons under construction.
Prices have risen sharply, but the trend is uncertain. In December 2009, the prices of copper and aluminum in the domestic market reached 55.30 million yuan/ton and 161,000 yuan/ton respectively, up 107% and 45% respectively from the end of 2008. By February of this year, the prices of copper and aluminum in the domestic market rebounded to 58.82 million yuan / ton and 16.9 million yuan / ton.
Building materials industry In 2009, the national cement output reached 1.65 billion tons, an increase of 16% over the previous year; the output of flat glass was 580 million weight boxes, down 1.7%, mainly due to the sharp drop in ordinary glass. From January to February this year, the output of cement and flat glass was 199 million tons and 99.11 million weight boxes respectively, up 26.5% and 12.7% respectively. Cement production is expected to approach 1.8 billion tons in 2010, and flat glass production exceeds 600 million weight boxes.
The proportion of new dry process cement production has historically exceeded the 70% mark. In 2009, the output of new dry process cement clinker increased by 23.8% compared with the previous year. The output of vertical kiln and other process cement clinker decreased by 6.1%, and the proportion of new dry process reached 72.5%, an increase of 9.7 percentage points over the previous year.
The industrial concentration of the cement industry has further improved. In 2009, the number of cement enterprises (groups) with an annual production capacity of over 3 million tons reached 49, and 18 of them reached 10 million tons. The proportion of cement clinker production accounted for 49.3% and 37.6% respectively, which was higher than that of the previous year. 5 percentage points. Large cement enterprise groups with cement production exceeding 100 million tons have emerged.
Cement production capacity and flat glass face a serious excess. The cement production capacity has reached 1.96 billion tons, while the cement production line under construction has exceeded 400, the new production capacity will exceed 600 million tons; the flat glass production capacity has reached 640 million tons, and many localities and enterprises are still keen on projects and expansion. It is arduous to eliminate backward tasks. In 2009, the production capacity of backward cement clinker was eliminated by 74.16 million tons, and the production capacity of backward flat glass was 6 million weight boxes. There are also 250 million tons of cement, 30 million weight boxes of flat glass production capacity can not meet the industrial policy requirements, need to be eliminated before the end of 2011.
Petrochemical industry In 2009, the added value of oil and chemical industry above designated size increased by 10.1% over the previous year, and the growth rate increased by 2.6 percentage points year-on-year; the added value of chemical industry increased by 15.9%, up 5.9 percentage points year-on-year. Among the main products, crude oil production reached 189 million tons, down 3.1%; natural gas production was 85.2 billion cubic meters, up 6.1%; sulfuric acid production was 59.6 million tons, up 16.9%; soda ash production was 19.38 million tons, up 3%; caustic soda production was 18.32 million Tons, down 1.1%; ethylene production was 10.66 million tons, up 8%; fertilizer (purified) output was 66 million tons, up 9.8%. From January to February this year, the added value of the petroleum and chemical industry increased by 17.6% year-on-year, of which the chemical industry increased by 27.3%. It is expected to increase by 12% and 17% respectively, the crude oil output is close to 200 million tons, and the output of ethylene and fertilizer is 1300 respectively. 10,000 tons and about 67 million tons.
The industrial layout is gradually optimized. Strictly control the new layout of the refining ethylene project. Completed 10 sets of 10 million tons of oil refining and 1 million tons of ethylene integrated equipment in Xinjiang Dushanzi, Fujian Refining and Chemical and Tianjin Petrochemical, and 10 million tons of oil refining equipment in Guangdong Nanhai Petrochemical, forming 20 million tons of refining oil before the end of 2011 The base and 11 million tons of vinyl have created conditions. Promote the preliminary projects of projects such as the integration of Sinopec and refining.
Positive progress has been made in eliminating backwardness. In 2009, the elimination of backward calcium carbide production capacity was 460,000 tons, and the backward coke production capacity was 18.09 million tons. The low-level nitrogen and phosphate fertilizer enterprises, which accounted for about 5% of the total industry, were eliminated, and the production of five highly pesticide varieties such as methamidophos was completely stopped. .
In some industries, there is a serious overcapacity, and the blind expansion is not diminished. At present, China's calcium carbide production capacity is about 22 million tons, the output is only 15 million tons, the capacity utilization rate is only 68%; the coke production capacity is about 440 million tons, the output is only 345 million tons, the production capacity is idle nearly 100 million tons; the methanol production capacity is about 23 million tons, the output Only 11.3 million tons, the capacity is idle more than half. According to industry associations, there are about 7 million tons, 30 million tons and 8.6 million tons of calcium carbide, coke and methanol capacity under construction. In addition, some inorganic salts, inorganic bases, chemical fertilizers, pesticides, etc. also have different levels of overcapacity problems.
(II) Equipment Industry Vigorously promote structural adjustment and optimization and upgrading, bringing new opportunities to the development of equipment manufacturing industry. In 2009, the growth rate of the equipment manufacturing industry (including automobiles and ships), which accounted for 18.9% of the added value of industrial enterprises above designated size, reached 13.8%, down 3.3 percentage points from the previous year. From January to February this year, under the stimulation of automobile production, the added value of the equipment manufacturing industry increased by 28.1% year-on-year, ranking first in all industries. With the implementation of various policies and measures for the adjustment and revitalization of the top ten industries, including supporting enterprises to strengthen technological transformation, the role of investment in the equipment manufacturing industry will be further enhanced. Automobile production and sales will continue to boom in both production and sales, but the growth rate will fall sharply in the second half of last year. It is estimated that the growth rate of equipment manufacturing industry in 2010 will be around 13%.
The pace of product structure adjustment has accelerated. Driven by the implementation of special investment in the adjustment and revitalization of key industries and technological transformation, new product development has become more active. In 2009, the output value of new products in the equipment manufacturing industry increased by 24.2% over the previous year, which was 6.8 percentage points higher than the total output value of the whole industry. The machine tool industry structure optimization and upgrading trend is obvious. In 2009, the numerical control rate of metal processing, cutting and forming machine tool value of machine tool manufacturing enterprises increased by 3.4, 3.3 and 4.5 percentage points respectively, and the average unit price of metal cutting and CNC metal cutting machine tools increased. Increase by 22% and 9% respectively.
Important progress has been made in the autonomy of equipment. The technical parameters of the 700,000-kilowatt hydropower unit are world-leading. The reliability of the 1 million-kilowatt ultra-supercritical thermal power unit is close to that of the imported similar unit. The market share of domestic equipment for wind power generation is over 70%. The large-scale PTA plant with full-scale domestically produced technology was completed and put into operation. The three main compressors required for one million tons of ethylene were successfully developed, and the daily production of 50 million tons of dry process cement equipment was 100% localized. The localization rate of 250 km/h high-speed EMUs has reached more than 70%, and the 350 km/h EMUs have been independently developed on the basis of digestion and absorption. China's steel industry from the blast furnace, coke oven, sintering to steelmaking, cold rolling equipment, all localized.
Under the influence of the policy of small-displacement passenger car purchase tax reduction, automobile going to the countryside and trade-in, the automobile industry is booming in production and sales. According to the statistics of the Automobile Industry Association, in 2009, 13.79 million vehicles were produced and 13.64 million vehicles were sold, up 48.2% and 46.1% respectively over the previous year; among them, 10.38 million passenger cars were produced, an increase of 54.1%. China's automobile production and sales rank first in the world. From January to February this year, the company produced a total of 2.82 million vehicles and 2.88 million vehicles, up 92.4% and 83.9% year-on-year respectively. It continues to maintain a high level of production and sales. It is estimated that China's automobile production will reach 15 million vehicles in 2010, an increase from the previous year. About 10%.
The policy boosts the demand structure further. In 2009, the output of cars and minibuses of 1.6 liters and below increased by 66.8% and 83.8% respectively over the previous year, which became the main force driving the growth of the automobile market; the annual sales of passenger cars with a displacement of 1.6 liters and below were 10.33 million, and the market share reached 70. %, an increase of 8 percentage points over the previous year, effectively supporting energy conservation and emission reduction work.
Outstanding brand achievements are outstanding. In 2009, it sold 4.58 million self-owned brand passenger vehicles, accounting for 44.3% of the passenger vehicle market, up 4.4 percentage points over the previous year; among them, it sold 2.22 million self-owned brand cars, accounting for 29.7% of the car market share. Increase by 3.8 percentage points.
Energy-saving and new energy vehicle industrialization is actively promoted. Five batches of recommended models for energy-saving and new-energy vehicle demonstration and application projects have been issued. Relevant departments are working hard to formulate and promote the development of new energy vehicle industry development policies and related technology policies.
Despite the severe impact of the international financial crisis, the shipbuilding industry in China continued to maintain a stable growth trend in 2009 under the extremely unfavorable situation of the international shipping and new ship market continued to slump. The annual shipbuilding completion volume reached 42.43 million. The deadweight tons increased by 47% over the previous year, and its share of the world market rose from 29.5% in 2008 to 34.8%, ranking second in the world. With the support of export buyer credit and other policies, in 2009, China's shipbuilding enterprises received orders of 26 million deadweight tons, accounting for 61.6% of global new ship orders. From January to February this year, the completion of shipbuilding reached 9.18 million DWT, an increase of 1.68 times compared with the same period of last year; the new orders reached 5.72 million DWT, an increase of 7.67 times compared with the same period of last year, and has not yet returned to normal level.
Positive progress has been made in the construction of major industrial bases. The first phase of Shanghai Changxing Shipbuilding Base, the Qingdao Haixiwan Shipbuilding and Repairing Base, and the first phase of Guangzhou Longxue Shipbuilding Base have been completed and put into operation. The three major shipbuilding bases in the Yangtze River estuary, Bohai Bay and Zhujiangkou have begun to take shape and shipbuilding infrastructure. To achieve world-class level.
The problem of overcapacity caused by repeated construction has become apparent. China's shipbuilding capacity has reached 66 million DWT. As new orders are mainly concentrated in a few key enterprises, many companies have faced the problem of insufficient production capacity. The contradiction of structural overcapacity is prominent. Most of the companies mainly produce conventional ship types such as bulk carriers, container ships and oil tankers. The production capacity of high-tech and high value-added ships is insufficient (less than 10% of the world market share), marine engineering equipment design, final assembly technology and core supporting equipment. Still relying mainly on foreign countries.
(III) Consumer goods industry Under the situation of domestic consumption support and export recovery, the consumer goods industry will continue to maintain a stable operation. In 2009, the growth rate of the consumer goods industry, which accounted for 29.4% of the added value of industrial enterprises above designated size, reached 10.8%, down 2.7 percentage points from the previous year, and reached 15.9% from January to February this year. In 2010, whether the consumer goods industry can achieve steady and rapid growth depends mainly on whether exports can achieve a rebound. In the case of a global economic recovery, the export situation is expected to be better than last year, and production growth is expected to reach around 11%.
Increasing the export tax rebate rate has slowed down the sharp decline in exports of textiles and other products. In 2009, the export delivery value of the consumer goods industry fell by 4.1% year-on-year, with the light industry and textile industry down 5.4% and 3% respectively. The export of consumer goods experienced a decline of 11 consecutive months from November 2008 to September last year. The export delivery value of the first half of the year basically fell back to the same period of 2007. With the rebound in international market demand, foreign trade exports have shown a recovery growth. In the second half of the year, the volume of the track continued to rise in 2007, and the trend of recovery after October was stable. In November and December, the export value of the consumer goods industry increased by 5.9% and 12.1% respectively. From January to February this year, the export delivery value of the consumer goods industry increased by 16.5% year-on-year. It is expected that the export value of the consumer goods industry will increase by more than 10%.
In the textile industry in 2009, the added value of textile enterprises above designated size increased by 9.1% over the previous year, and the growth rate dropped by 1.2 percentage points year-on-year. Among the main products, the yarn output was 23.94 million tons, the cloth output was 74 billion meters, and the chemical fiber was 27.3 million tons, an increase of 12.7%, 4.2% and 13% respectively over the previous year. From January to February this year, the added value of the textile industry increased by 13.4% year-on-year; the output of yarn, cloth and chemical fiber increased by 26.6%, 51.2% and 17.1% respectively, with an increase of 20.7, 56.2 and 13.2 percentage points respectively.
The international market share has remained basically stable. According to statistics from relevant departments, in 2009, China's textile and apparel products accounted for 39.3% of the US market, and sales were significantly better than those of Vietnam and India; the share in the Japanese market was 78.6%, up 1.9 from the previous year. Percentage points. In the second half of last year, especially after October, international orders increased significantly, and corporate exports recovered rapidly.
The pace of industrial upgrading has accelerated. In 2009, China's self-produced textile machinery equipment market share reached 75%, an increase of 5 percentage points over the previous year. The chemical fiber differential rate increased to 40%, an increase of 5 percentage points over the previous year. Eliminate 1.37 million tons of backward production capacity in the chemical fiber industry, and eliminate more than half of the backward printing and dyeing equipment in the Taihu Lake area such as Wuxi, Suzhou and Changzhou.
It is arduous to control the blind expansion of production capacity and eliminate backward tasks. China's fiber processing volume is close to 50% of the global processing volume. In recent years, capacity expansion has been rapid, and the low-level redundant construction and medium-high level homogenization development tend to be obvious. Due to the shrinking demand in the international market and the rapid growth of competitors, Competition in the international market is becoming increasingly fierce, and the contradiction of overcapacity is prominent. At the same time, backward production capacity also accounts for a considerable proportion, competing with the market for advanced production capacity, rushing resources, hindering industrial development and improving product quality.
In the light industry, in 2009, the added value of light industrial enterprises above designated size increased by 11.2% over the previous year, and the growth rate dropped by 3.1 percentage points year-on-year. From January to February this year, the added value of the light industry increased by 16.9% year-on-year.
The policies of “home appliances going to the countryside†and “old-for-new†have obvious effects. In 2009, the output of household refrigerators and washing machines reached 59.31 million units and 49.36 million units respectively, up 24.7% and 13% respectively over the previous year; the output of room air conditioners was 80.78 million units, although it decreased by 1.9%, but the growth rate after August Continuously maintained at 27% or more. From January to February this year, the output of the 12 major household electrical appliances monitored by the company maintained a certain increase year-on-year. The output of household refrigerators, washing machines and room air conditioners increased by 45.8%, 27.7% and 47.5% respectively.
The decline in exports has shrunk month by month, and the share in major international markets such as the US, Europe and Japan has been basically stable. According to customs statistics, in 2009, China’s exports of light industrial products fell by 10.2% from the previous year, and the decline was significantly smaller than the overall decline in national exports, narrowing by 4.9 and 3 percentage points respectively from January to February and the first eight months. The decline in key export industries such as furniture and home appliances has slowed down considerably compared with the beginning of the year and the first half of the year.
Industrial transfer has accelerated, but it faces many problems. At present, the output value of light industry in the eastern part of China accounts for more than 70% of the total output value of light industry in the country. Due to factors such as energy, resources, environment and employment, some light industry in the eastern region is developing more and more difficult, while in the central and western regions. Have a comparative advantage. Traditional industries such as home appliances, leather, ceramics and fermentation have begun to shift from coastal areas to the central and western regions. Anhui, Hubei, Chongqing, Sichuan and other provinces and cities are actively undertaking industrial transfer. However, in general, due to the lack of unified planning guidance, the level of industrial transfer is not high, the industrial chain is incomplete and not connected, and the industrial support is poor. How to combine the orderly guidance of industrial transfer and the realization of industrial optimization and upgrading, it is necessary to strengthen policy research. And scientific planning.
It is arduous to save energy and reduce emissions and eliminate backward tasks. Light industry main pollutants (COD) emissions account for about 50% of the national industry, wastewater discharge accounts for 28%, energy-saving emission reduction tasks in food, paper and leather industries with large pollution emissions are arduous. In 2009, the elimination of backward papermaking capacity of 500,000 tons, alcohol production capacity of 360,000 tons, MSG 35,000 tons, still 2 million tons of paper production capacity can not meet the industrial policy requirements, need to be eliminated before the end of 2011, the annual processing capacity is 30,000 The tanning production line below the standard is also very difficult.
(IV) Electronics Industry Due to the high dependence on foreign trade, the electronics manufacturing industry is most affected by the international financial crisis in all major categories of industry. In 2009, the growth rate of the electronics industry, which accounted for 5.8% of the total industrial added value of the above-scale enterprises, was 5.3%, which was 5.7 percentage points lower than that of all industries; the export delivery value decreased by 5.5% year-on-year, which was less than 4.6 percentage points of the total industry. From January to February this year, the added value of the electronics industry increased by 26.3% year-on-year, and the export delivery value increased by 27.8%. Production and exports have begun to rise steadily. This year's export situation is expected to continue to improve, and the annual growth rate of electronics manufacturing production will reach about 10%.
Efforts have been made to overcome the adverse effects of a sharp decline in external demand, and the international market share of key products has increased. In 2009, China's mobile phone production was 619 million units, color TV output was 98.99 million units, and microcomputer output was 182 million units, up 10.7%, 9.6% and 33.3% respectively over the previous year, accounting for 50% and 48% of global shipments, respectively. 60% (about 8 , 4 and 14 percentage points higher than the previous year). From January to February this year, the output of mobile phones, color TVs and microcomputers reached 108 million, 18.1 million and 31.97 million, respectively, up 29.7%, 68.6% and 41.3% respectively.
The development of domestic-funded enterprises has accelerated. In 2009, the sales value of domestic-funded enterprises increased by 17.6% year-on-year, and the proportion of industry output value increased from 23.4% in the previous year to 26.7%; investment increased by 49.5% year-on-year, and the proportion of the industry increased from 49.5% in the previous year to 63.5%.
Breakthrough in industry consolidation. CEC has become the world's largest display manufacturer, TPV Technology, and has become the largest shareholder; Shenzhen BYD's acquisition of Ningbo Zhongwei Complex will have a positive impact on the development of the integrated circuit industry; the domestic large IC packaging company Jiangsu Changjiang Technology Indirect The acquisition of Singapore APS Company has mastered advanced packaging technologies such as laminate packaging, which has significantly enhanced the competitiveness of enterprises.
The core competitiveness is still not strong. As the core technologies of basic industries such as new components, integrated circuits, and flat panel displays are subject to people, the growth in demand for downstream complete products such as color TVs, computers, and communication equipment is unlikely to drive these upstream industries to rebound. It is necessary to further increase policy guidance and support, and focus on solving the fundamental problems that restrict the development of the industry, such as the lack of core technologies and weak supporting capabilities.
Fourth, vigorously promote the transformation of development mode and industrial structure adjustment In 2010, while consolidating the recovery and improving the foundation, we will vigorously promote the transformation of industrial structure and development mode to a more prominent position, and continuously improve the quality and efficiency of industrial growth.
(1) Continue to expand domestic demand and focus on improving the driving role of consumption. Expanding domestic demand is a long-term strategic guideline and basic foothold for China's industrial development. We must vigorously develop the domestic market, improve the supply structure, and guide the promotion of consumption. Give full play to the role of consumption in driving economic growth. We must focus on how to shift from stimulating recent consumption to improving consumer spending, and paying attention to the transition from short-term policy to long-term policy. Accelerate the growth rate of residents' income and increase the proportion of residents' income in national income. Focus on accelerating product innovation and cultivating consumption hotspots. Encourage enterprises to adapt to the needs of urban and rural consumption upgrading, and produce products that are marketable and can guide consumption.
(2) Grasping key difficulties and focusing on promoting industrial optimization and upgrading. While consolidating the industrial recovery and improving the foundation, we will focus on promoting structural adjustment so that industrial growth is based on structural optimization. Pay more attention to technological transformation and independent innovation, improve the system and mechanism, and guide enterprises to increase technological transformation and product research and development investment in the weak links of industrial development such as variety quality, energy saving, environmental protection and safe production. We will improve industrial policies, strengthen industry access management, give full play to the role of market mechanisms, and comprehensively apply laws, economics, technology, and necessary administrative means to accelerate the elimination of backward production capacity. Breaking industry monopolies and regional blockades, improving the policy environment, reducing restructuring costs, and promoting mergers and acquisitions. Promote cleaner production, save production, and safe production, strengthen comprehensive utilization, and develop a circular economy.
(3) Implementing policy measures and focusing on optimizing the development environment of the enterprise. Improve policies and measures to support the development of SMEs. We will improve the credit assessment system for small enterprises, encourage local governments to establish small enterprise loan risk subsidy funds, accelerate the establishment of national and regional re-guarantee institutions, and improve the financial risk subsidy mechanism to effectively solve the problem of financing difficulties for small enterprises. Accelerate the establishment of a national SME development fund. Continue to promote the growth of SMEs and support the construction of a number of small business start-up bases. Support the technological progress and service system construction of SMEs.
(4) Increase support and focus on cultivating and developing strategic emerging industries. Scientifically formulate plans and clarify development priorities. Increase support for independent innovation, continuously improve research and development capabilities, strive to break through core technologies and key common technologies, form a number of independent technologies and standards, and promote the development of strategic emerging industries. Vigorously develop venture capital funds to achieve effective links between the development of emerging strategic industries and capital markets.
(V) Actively promote reforms and focus on breaking through institutional and institutional obstacles. Accelerate the reform of the income distribution system and actively promote the price system reform of resources and resource products. We will implement various policies to relax market access and expand the field of private capital investment. Efforts will be made to solve the problems of institutional mechanisms that restrict the development of SMEs, and steadily promote the reform of relevant institutional mechanisms that restrict mergers and acquisitions and eliminate backwardness.完善市场规范，鼓励有效竞争，促进生产性æœåŠ¡è¡Œä¸šçš„市场化å‘展。
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Wire Series: The term "wire series" is a general reference to a collection or range of wires that share certain characteristics or are part of a specific category. It can include various types of wires, such as Galvanized Wire, Black Wire, Stainless Steel Wire, or any other type of wire that falls within the series.
Electro Galvanized Steel Wire: Electro galvanized steel wire is a type of steel wire that has undergone the process of electroplating with a layer of zinc. The wire is immersed in an electrolyte solution, and an electric current is applied to deposit a thin coating of zinc onto the surface of the wire. Electro galvanized steel wire provides corrosion resistance and is commonly used in applications that require moderate protection against rust and corrosion.
Black Wire for Binding Wire: Black wire for binding wire, also known as black annealed wire, is a type of wire that has undergone an annealing process to make it softer and more flexible. It is typically made from low carbon steel wire and has a black or dark gray appearance. Black wire for binding wire is commonly used for various binding applications, such as securing bundles of objects or materials together. It is known for its malleability and ease of use.
Low Carbon Steel Galvanized Wire: Low carbon steel galvanized wire is a type of galvanized wire that is made from low carbon steel. The low carbon content makes the wire more ductile and less prone to breakage. Galvanized low carbon steel wire has been coated with a layer of zinc to provide corrosion resistance. It is commonly used in various applications, including fencing, construction, agriculture, and general wirework.
These different types of wires within the wire series, including electro galvanized steel wire, black wire for binding wire, and low carbon steel galvanized wire, offer specific characteristics and are used for various applications. The choice of wire depends on factors such as the desired level of corrosion resistance, strength requirements, and the specific application or industry in which it will be used.
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