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Since ancient times, there has been a saying in the folks that "white dew is early, cold dew is late, and autumn is the same as wheat." It is said that it is the best time to grow wheat before the cold season. However, the recent autumn rain has caused many wheat crops to be planted. Certain influence. Farmers’ friends are extremely anxious and listen to experts on how to treat this problem.
Zhu Guojun, a family of Liuji Town, Zhongmu County, Henan Province, harvested more than ten mu of soybeans in the field a few days ago. He thought that he could hurry up and plant the wheat, but after an autumn rain, it has affected the planned planting time.
Zhu Guojun: The seeding has been postponed since then. Now the ground is soft and can't plow the ground. I haven't planted it yet. I don't think it will affect it. As long as it is no longer the weather, it would be difficult to say such a weather.
Zhu Guojun told reporters that although the solar terms have passed the solar terms, he believes that as long as the weather turns fine, timely planting and ploughing will not have a big impact on the growth of the whole winter wheat, but there is still a yield for the wheat outside the suitable sowing period. Worried.
Zhu Guojun: After the sowing period, the wheat has less hair, less tiller, less tiller and less spike, and the yield is low.
Then, for the current wetland caused by autumn rain in most areas of Henan Province, will it affect the planting of this year's wheat crop? The reporter made a special trip to Henan Agricultural University to interview Professor Guo Tiancai, a wheat expert.
Guo Tiancai: After the cold season, the north-south wheat in our province has entered the suitable sowing period. However, due to the continuous autumn rain and continuous rainfall in Henan Province, this process may have a certain impact on this autumn harvest and wheat planting.
On the positive side, we know that the wheat harvest last year, the harvest of 83 rains, the three rains of August, October and March of the lunar calendar, is the key to wheat harvest, and the autumn rain is much more favorable for this year's wheat. Sowing to the foot, but due to the high rainfall in some areas, the soil moisture is high, which may affect the suitable planting of this year's wheat.
Professor Guo Tiancai believes that continuous autumn rain has a certain impact on winter wheat, but the sufficient amount of rainfall also brings a favorable side. However, there is a time frame for wheat sowing, and farmers should pay close attention to farming and planting as soon as possible.
Guo Tiancai: Because we know that the suitable sowing period of wheat is a range, there is a range. In the past few years, it has been observed by the meteorological department. In the case of climate warming, the sowing date of wheat is appropriately extended, which should be beneficial to the safe wintering of wheat. And the increase in wheat production in the second year.
Therefore, I suggest that farmers should seize the favorable opportunity of fine weather, grasp the autumn harvest and plant the whole land, harvest a piece of autumn crop, and make a piece of land, so that the wheat can be planted as soon as possible, and at the same time, in low-lying places, Or where there is more rainfall in the previous period, where there is water, the farmers' friends will take the water out. If the machine can go in, spin it up and squat, and strive to do so at the right time.
For the rainy weather that occurred during the wheat sowing season this year, Professor Guo Tiancai believes that it is not an accidental situation. The fine management of farmers' friends after sowing will not have a major impact on the production of wheat.
Guo Tiancai: This climate has also occurred frequently in history. Last autumn and autumn, the autumn rains continued, the rice buckwheat in the south of Henan, the rice buckwheat in Anhui, Anhui, the rice could not be harvested in October, the wheat could not grow, and there was still before the Spring Festival. This phenomenon is also common in the process of wheat production in Henan.
But at any time, there are advantages and disadvantages. We separately see that it affects the timely planting, but the bottom is good. According to my experience in wheat cultivation for so many years, the first year of planting is as good as the bottom, and the second year is often a bumper year. Therefore, we must strengthen our confidence and put the key technical measures into practice. The wheat is not afraid of late broadcast, as long as our fine management has little effect on production.
In addition, Cao Gang, chief expert of the wheat entrepreneurial innovation team of Hebei Modern Agriculture Industrial Technology System and researcher of Hebei Agricultural Technology Extension Station, also gave guidance on wheat planting after the rain.
Winter wheat rushing technology guidance after the rain
Since October this year, since the evening of October 6, the winter wheat area of ​​Hebei Province has ushered in a wide range of precipitation processes. As of 10:00 on the 10th, Shijiazhuang, Baoding, Xingtai, Hengshui, Zhangzhou, Langfang and other places averaged. The precipitation reached 77.4 mm, and the precipitation in some wheat districts reached more than 100 mm.
The large-scale precipitation supplemented the soil moisture and alleviated the problems of the previous drought, which was very beneficial to the sowing and emergence of wheat. However, due to the soil being too wet, the difficulty of entering the land of agricultural machinery also affected the harvest progress of the autumn harvest crops and the winter wheat. Sowing progress.
Timely fine grounding to ensure that the right time is good
Due to the impact of the precipitation process, 64% of the planted area has not yet been completed, and timely harvesting of good wheat is a major event. It is currently in the best period of wheat planting in our province, and it is not too late to plant in the next 10 days, or in the appropriate period of wheat planting.
It is entirely possible to make full use of the favorable conditions of soil moisture and to breed wheat well. It is entirely possible to cultivate strong seedlings before winter. The key is to maintain the quality of the land preparation and to achieve fine land preparation. First, we must drain the water, and then do the straw crushing and rotary tillage. , smashing soil and other land preparation links, Ning late error. On the basis of fine land preparation, timely planting of wheat, and strive to plant seeds before the middle and late October.
Matching sowing amount to ensure the construction of a reasonable group of wheat
According to the forecast of Hebei Meteorological Bureau, it will be sunny to cloudy weather from October 11th. Considering the divergence time of 2~3 days, it is expected that the machine will be able to enter the ground for 13~14 days to carry out wheat sowing.
The premise of high-yield wheat is to construct a reasonable group of wheat before winter. The key is to master the sowing date and the amount of sowing, and not blindly increase the amount of sowing. If planted before October 20, the amount of sowing should still be controlled at 12.5~15 kg.
If the quality of the planting after the 20th and the quality of the land preparation are poor, it may be considered to increase the amount of the broadcast. In addition, due to the recent high air humidity, most of the wheat seeds purchased by farmers are coated seeds, which should be aired in sunny weather to prevent the seed mold from affecting the emergence rate.
Suitable for timely suppression to ensure that wheat is water-saving and safe for winter
After the broadcast, the suppression is an effective water-saving technical measure promoted by the province. However, due to the precipitation process, the soil moisture is sufficient. After the planting, the wheat should not be strongly suppressed immediately, and the suppression can only be carried out after the sensation is appropriate.
Strong soil pressure is suitable for soil moisture: the relative water content of medium loam and heavy loam is less than or equal to 65%, and the relative water content of light loam is less than or equal to 70%. When the relative water content of soil reaches this index, strong repression can be carried out. That is to say, the strong suppression should be postponed until the wheat tillering period or before the freezing. After strong suppression in the middle and south wheat areas, the winter water may not be poured before winter.
Actively control pests and diseases, and ensure the cultivation of strong seedlings before winter
In order to prevent seed diseases and seedling diseases that are prone to soil moisture, it is necessary to pay attention to the addition of fungicides to the coating agent or seed dressing before planting. At the same time, sufficient sensation also creates favorable conditions for the growth of malignant weeds in grasses. It is necessary to carry out weeds in the summer after the three-leaf period of wheat to ensure the healthy growth of wheat before winter and to cultivate good seedlings before winter.
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