Material purchase: only buy right is not expensive

Home decoration and purchase of materials are necessary and important links. The selection of suitable, affordable materials is what every owner thinks. However, during a person's life, he may experience only one or two renovations. It can be said that there is no experience and they are slowly obtained in practice. Well, now Xiaobian teaches you how to choose materials to help you in the decoration.

First, wood articles

Common wood:

1. Hongsong: Light and soft material, moderate strength, good drying, because it contains pine oil, more resistant to water, corrosion, easy processing, painting, coloring, good cementation.

2. Baisong: The material is light and soft, flexible, and the structure is detailed and uniform. It has good drying properties. The materials that have been treated with anti-corrosion can be used outdoors. They are water-resistant, corrosion-resistant, easy to process, painted, and stained. White pine is stronger than red pine.

3. Birch: The material is slightly hard, with fine structure, high strength, good workability, finish, and gluing.

4. Paulownia: The material is very light and soft, with a thick structure, but the planer is smooth, dry and not cracked.

5. Beech wood: The material is slightly light and soft, the structure is slightly fine, silky luster, not easy to crack, easy processing, finishing, coloring, good cementation. Not resistant to corrosion, slightly warped when dry.

6. Ash: material is slightly hard, beautiful patterns, rough structure, easy processing, toughness, finishing, good adhesion, dryness in general.

7. Beech: beautiful patterns, rough structure, processing, finishing, good adhesion, poor drying, easy to crack warping.

8. Beech wood: hard material, rough structure, high strength, difficult processing, coloring, good finish, poor glueability, easy to dry, easy to crack.

9. Beech: hard material, straight texture, fine structure, wear-resistant and shiny, not easy to deformation when dry, processing, finishing, good adhesion.

10. Maple wood: moderate weight, fine structure, easy processing, smooth cutting surface, good finishing and gluing, warping when dry.

11. Basswood: moderate weight, fine structure, aroma, not easy to be deformed when drying, better processing, painting, and gluing.

12. Willow: moderate material, slightly thick structure, easy processing, good bonding and finishing. Slight cracking and warping when dry. Plywood made from Willow is called a Philippine board.

13. Rosewood: hard material, texture, medium structure, corrosion resistance, not easy to dry, smooth cutting surface, coating, good adhesion.

14. Red sandalwood (redwood): Hard material, more texture, coarse structure, strong durability, shiny, smooth cutting surface.

15. Artificial boards, commonly used are plywood, plywood, fiberboard, particleboard, hollow board and so on. Due to the different composite structure of various wood-based panels, it can overcome the shortcomings of wood expansion, warping, cracking, etc., so it has many advantages in the use of furniture.

Picking wood notes:

1. Wood should not crack, warping, color, texture smooth.

2. Wood cannot be rotted, discolored, or pest-infested.

3. Must be dried and the moisture content must not exceed 15%. Beijing should be within 12%.

Second, the paint articles

Commonly used paint decoration:

1. Oil: It is mainly used as a primer before painting.

2. Original paint: Also known as lead oil, it is a mixture of pigment and dry oil. It is used to adjust putty.

3. Blending paint: also known as blend paint, divided into two types of grease paint and natural resin paint.

4. Varnish: also known as Van Water (clear paint), sub-oil base varnish and resin varnish two categories. Variety of ester glue varnish, phenolic varnish, alkyd varnish, nitro lacquer and shellac varnish. Good gloss, fast film formation, wide application.

5. Magnetic paint: It is made by varnish plus pigment grinding. Commonly used are phenolic enamel and alkyd enamel.

6. Anti-rust paint: Oil-based anti-rust paint and resin anti-rust paint.

7. Latex paint: The paint film has certain permeability and alkali resistance. After drying, the paint film does not blisters, does not change color, and is not sticky. It is mostly used for interior wall finishing. It is non-toxic to the human body and has no pollution to the environment.

What are the main components of the paint?

8. The main components of paint include the following five major parts:

(1) Oil: It includes dry oil and semi-dry oil and is one of the main film-forming substances.

(2) Resin: It includes natural resins and synthetic resins and is also a part of the main film-forming substance.

(3) Pigments: Including coloring pigments, extender pigments, and rust-preventing pigments. The specific varieties are quite numerous and are secondary film-forming substances.

(4) Thinner: It includes solvents and diluents for dissolving the above substances and adjusting the consistency to assist the film-forming substance.

(5) Excipients: including driers, curing agents, plasticizers, and moisture-proof agents. Also belongs to the auxiliary film-forming substance.

Decorative paint composition:

The main film-forming substance: also known as adhesives and fixing agents, is the basis for the composition of the coating.

Secondary film-forming substance: It is also an integral part of the coating film, but it cannot form a coating film separately from the main film-forming substance.

Auxiliary film forming materials: These include solvents and thinners. The former, such as gasoline, cigarette oil, pine perfume, benzene, ethyl acetate, acetone, etc.; the latter, such as curing agents, emulsifiers, tackifiers, driers, wetting agents, dispersants, defoamers, initiators, catalysts , stabilizers, anti-aging agents, antifreeze and so on.

Third, the plate articles

Stone plate features:

The stone plate is a plate-shaped decorative surface material that is made of natural rock through block processing, sawing, grinding and other processing processes. The stone plate has the characteristics of compact structure and high strength, so it has strong resistance to moisture and weather resistance. It is the ideal material for floor and table decoration.

Family common stone:

Natural granite, artificial granite, natural marble and artificial marble.

1. Natural granite. Natural granite is a kind of plate processed from natural rock. It is characterized by its high hardness, pressure resistance, fire resistance, and corrosion resistance. It can be used in various kinds of countertops at home, but its price is high and its weight is higher. .

2. Artificial granite. Artificial granite is a plate made of gravel as the aggregate of natural granite. It is characterized by its anti-fouling power and durability as compared with natural granite, and its price is also cheaper than natural granite.

3. Natural marble. Natural marble is characterized by its fine structure, firmness, weather resistance, and vivid color, but its hardness is not high, its weathering resistance is poor, its price is high, and its surface gloss is easily lost.

4. Artificial marble. The characteristics of artificial marble are similar to that of artificial granite. Its price is similar to that of artificial granite.

Stone purchase principle:

1. The color of natural stone is not uniform, and it is prone to flaws. Therefore, color coordination should be selected as far as possible in the selection of materials, and attention should be paid to the comparison of batch-by-block inspections.

2. Due to the complex mining process, often after long-distance transportation, large-format stone is most likely to crack. Even breaking, this is the focus of attention when selecting materials.

3. In the purchase, you can feel the surface finish of the stone by hand, grasp the geometric dimensions and check whether the texture is clear.

4. The appearance quality of the stone plate is mainly checked by visual inspection. The stone plate of the superior product is not allowed to have quality defects such as missing edges, missing corners, cracks, stains, color lines and pits. Other grades of stone plates are allowed to have a small number of defects. The lower the level, the higher the allowable value.

5. Plates of superior products, length, width deviation is less than l mm, thickness difference is less than 0.5mm, plane limit tolerance is less than 0.2mm, and angle error is less than 0.4mm.

6. In the actual purchase of stone plates, we should also check whether the patterns and colors of a batch of plates are the same. A batch of plates cannot have a large color difference, otherwise it will affect the effect after paving.

Fourth, tile articles

The point of choosing a tile

In the selection of floor tiles, according to personal preferences and the functional requirements of the room, according to the field layout, from the floor tile specifications, color, texture and other aspects of screening.

Good quality tiles are uniform in size, uniform in thickness, flat and smooth on the surface of tiles, no bubbles, no stains, no pockmarks, bright colors, even gloss, no corner defects, 90 degree right angles, no distortion, clear pattern design, and resistance Pressure performance is good, not easy to damage.

At the time of purchase, you should decide the type, color or pattern of the brick according to your financial situation and preferences, and determine the size according to the size of the room.

First, remove one piece from the packing box to see whether the surface is flat and in good condition. The glaze should be uniform, bright, spotless, lack of glaze, bumping, and the surrounding edges should be regular. Glazing is not bright, astringent, or air bubbles are quality problems.

Secondly, take out a piece of brick and align the two pieces. The smaller the middle gap, the better. If it is a pattern tile, apply a few pieces of brick to make up a complete pattern, and you should also check whether the pattern of the brick is connected and clear. Then take out a box of bricks and place them on a large flat surface. Look at the effect from a little distance away. Whether it is white or other colors or patterns, the color should be the same. If there are individual bricks, shallow points, it will be difficult to see. , affect the entire decorative effect.

Then put these bricks up one by one. Compare the size of the bricks. The deviation of small bricks is allowed to be plus or minus 1 mm. The large bricks are allowed to be plus or minus 2 mm.

The last step is to take a piece of brick to knock another piece, or use other hard objects to knock on the brick. If the sound of the brick is crisp and loud, it means that the quality of the brick is good and cooked; if the sound is abnormal, there is heavy skin or crack in the brick. Phenomenon: when the heavy skin is the brick, the air in the material is not discharged, resulting in poor bonding between materials and materials, internal cracks, and can not be seen from the surface, only the sound can be identified.

Classification of tiles:

Tiles are divided into floor tiles, wall tiles and waistline tiles according to their functions.

Floor tiles: According to the color is divided into antique tiles, vitrified tiles, glazed tiles, anti-skid bricks and osmotic polished tiles.

Wall: According to the color can be divided into vitrified wall tiles, printed wall tiles.

Waist line bricks: mostly printed tiles. In order to match the specifications of the wall tiles, the waistline bricks are generally set at 60mm x 200mm.

Divided by the process of ceramic tiles: glazed tiles, tiles, polished tiles, vitrified tiles, ceramic tiles.

Glazed tile: refers to a brick that has a glazed layer on the surface of the brick. This type of brick is divided into two categories: one is fired with clay; the other is fired with porcelain clay, and about 80% of current home decorators choose tiles for floor decoration.

Fullbody brick: This is a non-glazed porcelain tile with good slip resistance and abrasion resistance. Generally speaking, "non-slip floor tiles" are mostly full-body bricks.

Polished bricks: All bricks are polished after polishing and they are very hard and wear-resistant.

Vitrified tiles: This is a high-temperature fired porcelain tile, which is the hardest type of tile.

Ceramic tile: also known as mosaic, specifications, thin, small, hard texture, acid, alkali, wear-resistant, watertight, resistant to pressure, not broken, color and diverse.

Simple decorative materials

(1) Room: Floor or floor tile, paste wall paper. Apply paint or paste the top paper on the ceiling, do vertex line, plaster line, skirting line, install straight plastic curtain box, wire embedded, install flat switch and socket.

(2) Toilets: Sealing the pipe, changing the pipe, paving the floor tiles, tiling the walls, hanging ceilings, installing washbasins, and installing showering facilities.

(3) Kitchen: Floor tiles, wall tiles, dip tubes, water heaters, range hoods, original consoles and original stove racks.

Does not include balcony decoration and interior furnishings. This kind of decoration costs about 200-400 yuan per square meter.

Ordinary decorative materials

(1) Room: Floor or ceramic tiles, wall coating, wall panels, ceiling, spray paint, gypsum board, gypsum curtain box, wire burying, plane switch, socket, rail track lighting , Modified dual-window structure, wooden door modified synthetic leather or wood package door, set wood hanging mirror line.

(2) Toilet: Seal the tube, change the tube, install the towel rack, mirror table, dressing table, floor tile, wall tiling, color ceramic face hatred and moisture lamp, electric heater, exhaust fan.

(3) Kitchen: Floor tiles, wall tiles, dip tubes, water heaters, range hoods, stainless steel cookers, refitting consoles or kitchen cabinets, closets and fans, cabinets, partition cabinets.

(4) Balconies: floor-to-ceiling bricks, guard rails, and window closures.

Luxury decorative materials

(1) Room: High-grade wood laminate floor or wool-wrapped whole carpet, wall surface with imported wall cloth, ceiling, light steel gypsum gypsum board, wooden board hanging mirror line, plaster line curtain box, wooden wall Plates, wire linings, sheathing tubes, plane switches, sockets, shooting sconces, chandeliers, aluminum alloy double windows, aluminum alloy partitions, aluminum alloy doors, sound insulation walls.

(2) Bath and toilet: sealed rated, modified pipe, ceramic glazed wall, mosaic floor, color ceramic concave column foot washbasin, color ceramic bathtub, sitting urinals, ventilation facilities, stainless steel towel rack, slippers rack, Even mirror dressing table, soap jar, roll tray, moisture-proof lamp, moisture-absorbing ceiling, shower or shower aluminum alloy door.

(3) Kitchen: White glazed ceramic tile on the wall, red clinker brick on the floor, marble counter, aluminum alloy rack closet, multi-eye gas stove, water heater, dirt bucket, stainless steel sink, dishwasher, moisture-proof lamp , range hoods, exhaust fans, stove cabinets, chrome-plated faucets, aluminum alloy partitions, PS glass doors, aluminum alloy doors and windows, sideboards, metal mesh cookware hanging plate. The balcony and kitchen are completely renovated.

Five, ceiling articles

The ceiling materials commonly used in the living room include wood plywood, paper paste plasterboard, decorative gypsum board, plastic buckle board, aluminum buckle board and plastic organic light transmission board.

Process approach

The general living room is directly decorated on the floor, so many decorative methods on the wall are suitable for the ceiling. Some families have to make ceilings in the living room in order to obtain decorative effects and enhance the atmosphere, or for the top-level households to insulate and cool, or to conceal the various defects of the original roof. In order to prevent steam from invading the ceiling, the toilet shall be space-saving, be conducive to heat preservation, conceal the upper and lower water pipes, and must be protected from moisture.

Acceptance method

1. The variety, specification, color, basic structure, and fixing method of the materials used in the ceiling project shall be designed according to the requirements of the household and comply with the current standards.

2. The ceiling keel shall not be twisted or deformed. The installed ceiling keel shall be solid and reliable, with an allowable deviation of ±5 mm around the perimeter.

3. Light fixtures can be hung on the main keel. Luminaires or ceiling fans with a weight greater than 3kg must not be attached to the keel of the ceiling. Additional hooks are required.

4. Ceiling cover panel and keel should be closely connected, the surface should be flat, without pollution, cracks, missing edges, falling corners, hammers and other defects, joints should be consistent, bead straight, no warping, cover panel and wall, Curtain boxes, lamps and other junctions should be tight.

5. Gypsum panels are generally fixed on the keel with galvanized screws. The nail head should be painted with antirust paint. The affixed surface shall not have delamination, and the shelving panel shall not have leakage, penetration, or warping.

Sixth, hardware articles

The use of hardware and purchase methods

The hardware is divided into ordinary hardware and special hardware according to the function. Ordinary hardware is divided into hinge rails, decorative handles and decorative locks according to the setting method. Special hardware categories are divided into bathroom hardware and kitchen accessories according to the setting method.

Hardware purchase Tips:

1. Good hinges, slides, and locks should be selected. When opening and closing, pulling a few times feel its flexibility and convenience.

2. Should choose a good performance and good locks. When the key is selected, the key can be inserted and pulled several times to see if it is smooth or not, and whether or not the switch is screwed up can be saved.

3. Choose a good type of decorative hardware with good appearance. When buying, it mainly depends on whether the appearance is flawed, how the plating gloss is, and whether the handle is smooth or not.

What are the requirements for aluminum alloy door and window accessories?

(1) Doors and windows and fittings: must meet the design requirements, specifications and models should comply with national standards.

(2) Floor Springs: The floor springs of the doors should be stainless steel or copper. Before they are put into use, they should be adjusted before and after the speed of opening and closing to facilitate their use. Hydraulic parts must not leak oil. Can also use the door.

(3) Door lock: It should be a double-sided safety lock.

(4) push hands: use stainless steel, aluminum alloy or copper.

(5) Pulleys and pulley frames: Hard nylon wheels, pulley frames, and galvanized steel products are optional.

(6) Sealing material: The sealing rubber strip should be used with a waterproof sealant.

How to choose a curtain track

No matter what style of curtain track, to ensure the use of safety, convenient opening and closing, the key is to see the quality and thickness of the production materials.

How to choose home locks

The choice of locks should pay attention to the following three points:

(1) Comparing the weight of the lock with the handle, the heavier it shows that the material used for the lock cylinder is thicker and more wear-resistant. On the contrary, the materials are thin and easily damaged.

(2) Look at the surface finish of the lock, whether it is delicate and smooth, without spots.

(3) Open it repeatedly to see the sensitivity of the lock cylinder spring.

How to choose furniture handle

The handle of the furniture has a strong aesthetic effect on the appearance of the furniture. This is because the choice of furniture handle has an important relationship with the shape, color and location of the furniture. Therefore, choosing a furniture handle is very important. So how do you choose a furniture handle?

1. When choosing, you don't have to be very clever.

2. When choosing, pay attention to contrast and set off beauty.

3. When choosing, pay attention to unification.

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