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The growth of animals is the process by which feed is converted into products. The most ideal transformation process is naturally what the animal needs, what is provided in the feed - everything that is eaten is converted into meat, eggs or milk.
People eat food for the sky. Human beings are increasingly demanding meat, eggs and milk. On the one hand, the population is growing, on the other hand, the economic development. The improvement of living standards has greatly increased the demand of everyone, so the demand for meat and eggs has increased. Far beyond the "explosion" of the population.
The low cost of feed, is another key farming technology
For engineers, the production of meat, eggs, and milk is not fundamentally different from the factory. The farm is the factory, the animals are the machines, the feed is the raw materials, and the meat and eggs are the products. The core of production technology is how to efficiently convert raw materials into products. “Conversion rate†is naturally a core indicator. The higher the conversion rate, the less feces and gases are discharged into the environment, and the less impact on the environment. In addition to the conversion rate of matter, there is also an economic conversion rate. If the cost of the input feed is higher than the price of meat and egg milk, then the higher material conversion rate is also meaningless. Therefore, the low cost of feed is another key to farming technology.
The role of methionine in broiler feed is perfect
The growth of animals is the process by which feed is converted into products. The most ideal transformation process is naturally what the animal needs, what is provided in the feed - everything that is eaten is converted into meat, eggs or milk.
This ideal transformation process can of course not be realized in practice, and the development of farming technology is constantly working in this direction. Especially for raising chickens, the transformation has now reached an amazing level. Different types of chickens have very accurate data on the demand for various nutrients in different growth stages. High-quality chickens, fed on-demand feeds, can be easily released in 6 weeks. Even those chickens that are traditionally bred and fed in an “organic wayâ€, if the so-called feed meets the nutritional needs, will grow faster and stronger than the “chaotic†chicken.
But the feed is not an infant formula, and it is impossible to use the best ingredients to match without cost. In fact, raw materials that can be used as feed, such as corn and soybean meal, have a large nutritional composition for animal growth. Under the appropriate combination, the total amount of carbohydrates, fats, and protein, as well as vitamins, minerals and other micronutrients, is not difficult to achieve. But to get a high feed conversion rate, you need the right amino acid composition. Whether it's meat, eggs or milk, the core ingredients we pursue are proteins. The key transformation of raising animals is to convert the protein in the feed into protein in meat and egg milk. The protein is composed of 20 kinds of amino acids. The animal eats the feed, digests the protein into amino acids, transports it to the cells, re-synthesizes the protein, and finally becomes the product in the form of meat and egg milk. In this process, amino acids are like components of a building block. In addition to being assembled into proteins, some amino acids perform some physiological functions. The lack of these amino acids not only hinders the synthesis of proteins, but also inhibits the growth of animals. This is also the reason for the slow growth of traditional stocking chickens in addition to the chicken species.
It is already quite clear what kind of amino acid composition a chicken needs in different growth stages. A core goal of feed design is to make the amino acid composition of the feed as close as possible to the needs. However, the amino acid composition of common plant proteins differs greatly from the demand, and there are many, some less. After the amino acid enters the animal, the amino acid with the lowest ratio compared with the demand becomes the bottleneck. Other kinds of amino acids have to become "surplus", unable to synthesize protein, and finally become nitrogen-containing waste. This aspect has increased the metabolic burden of animals and on the other hand increased the environmental burden of waste disposal.
Different proteins have different amino acid compositions. The relatively lacking amino acids in this protein may be abundant in that protein. By properly matching different proteins, it is possible to bring the overall amino acid composition closer to the demand. In actual production, the combination of corn and soybean meal is the most common in current production. On the one hand, the cost of the two is not high. On the other hand, the amino acids of soybean meal and corn can complement each other, and the overall composition is closer to the demand of chicken.
Among the various amino acids, methionine and cysteine ​​are sulfur-containing amino acids which can be converted from methionine in animals. Therefore, a sufficient proportion of methionine in the feed has a crucial impact on the growth of the chicken or the laying of the egg. The combination of corn and soybean meal is ideal for meeting the ratio of other amino acids, while the proportion of methionine is relatively low. Thus, methionine has become a "restrictive amino acid" in feed. Limited by this bottleneck, many other amino acids cannot be utilized.
Methionine will be applied in batches to organic feed
To increase the ratio of methionine, it is of course possible to add a protein containing high methionine. However, common methionine-rich proteins, such as fishmeal and milk protein, are not cheap, and the supply is limited. The increase in fishmeal also affects the flavor of the meat, and it is not a good solution. As a result, the chemically synthesized methionine has a stage to show its talents. Starting from oil, natural gas, air and water, the specialty chemical industry can economically synthesize high purity methionine. Adding it to the feed can easily eliminate its bottleneck and allow other amino acids to be fully utilized. The utilization of amino acids is high, and the amount of nitrogen that is discharged into feces or gases is also reduced. This has obvious social benefits for countries and regions that focus on environmental benefits. For example, in Europe, a large amount of land has excess nitrogen, and groundwater is under increasing burden of nitrate. If methionine is used rationally, this trend can be greatly alleviated.
In general, organic farming rejects a variety of synthetic feed additives. However, because of the obvious benefits of synthetic methionine, the United States has approved it for use in organic feeds. With the development of the special chemical industry, we can foresee that methionine will be applied in batches to organic feed
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