Qingdao Energy's Energy Crops Improves Biomass and Quality

The use of marginal land for the cultivation of perennial energy grasses can effectively reduce greenhouse gas emissions while preparing biofuels. It has enormous social, economic, and ecological benefits. Panicum virgatum L. belongs to the perennial C4 tall herbaceous plant of the genus Gramineae, has high photosynthetic carbon fixation efficiency, and can be planted on barren, drought or saline-alkali lands, and is a dual-use material for bioenergy and pasture feed production. The tall herb plants such as switchgrass and Miscanthus, Pennisetum hybridis belong to the "new generation of biofuels" - an important raw material for the production of cellulosic ethanol. However, due to the special process of cellulosic ethanol production, there are high requirements for the production and quality of raw materials. Currently, the cost of cellulosic ethanol is 1.6 times that of commercial starch ethanol. Among them, the cost of raw materials and cellulase accounts for about 50%. Therefore, the cultivation of new varieties of energy plants that are highly productive and can be converted efficiently will not only provide a large amount of cheap raw materials for the production of cellulosic ethanol, but also can effectively reduce the use of cellulase, thus helping to solve the high cost of cellulosic ethanol production. problem.

The molecular breeding team led by Fu Chunxiang, researcher of the Bio-Resources and Utilization Research Center of the Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, has recently made new progress in the genetic improvement of energy grasses. Based on previous research, the team established a high-efficiency polygene genetic transformation system of switchgrass, which successfully achieved the transformation effect of simultaneously introducing more than 6 genes. The patent application for this method was announced in December 2015 and patents were granted within six months. On this basis, the team's researchers, such as Wu Zhenying, identified 35 SPL transcriptional regulatory factor genes on the whole genome level of switchgrass, of which 21 members contained target sites for microRNA156 and belonged to 4 different subfamilies. Furthermore, the biological function of PvSPL1/2 subfamily members was studied in detail by chimeric suppressor silencing technique (CRES-T) and mutation and overexpression of microRNA target sites, and the transcriptional activity of members of this subfamily was found to be inhibited. , It can significantly increase the number of tillers of the switchgrass and change the accumulation of lignin, so as to obtain genetically improved strains with improved biomass and cell wall degradability. The work has successfully achieved the simultaneous enhancement of biomass and quality of energy grass through genetic engineering technology. It not only provides new germplasm resources for the future cultivation of commercial energy varieties, but also energy grass, pasture and other important grass crops ( Molecular design such as corn provides excellent target sites. The related results were recently published in Biotechnology for Biofuels, a journal of bioengineering and technology.

The above work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the “Hundred Talents Program” of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the Director’s Innovation Fund, and the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province.

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