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New aluminum-graphite double-ion battery structure and working principle
Recently, Tang Yongbing, a researcher at the Institute of Advanced Functional Materials, Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and Professor Li Zhensheng from City University of Hong Kong have successfully developed a new type of high-efficiency and low-cost energy storage battery. A Novel Aluminum-Graphite Dual-Ion Battery (A New Aluminum-Graphite Dual-Ion Battery) published online at Advanced Energy Materials (DOI: 10.1002/aenm.201502588) and has applied for 2 PCT Patent (PCT/CN2015/096887; PCT/CN2015/099967) and 1 Chinese Invention Patent (Application No. 9).
Lithium-ion batteries have become the main energy conversion and storage devices in the fields of portable electronic devices, electric vehicles, and renewable energy systems. The global demand for lithium is growing at a rate of 7.7% per year, and its market will reach 120 billion U.S. dollars by 2019 (according to the U.S. Friedonia Group's market survey). Due to the limited theoretical capacity of the anode and cathode materials, the current commercial lithium-ion battery has an energy density of only 100-150 Wh/kg, and the manufacturing cost is high and it is increasingly difficult to meet electronic intelligent terminal products, electric vehicles, etc. Field performance requirements for high energy density, low cost energy storage devices. In addition, the electrode materials of traditional lithium-ion batteries contain toxic metals, and the disposal of batteries will cause serious environmental problems.
In order to break through the bottleneck of existing battery technology, Tang Yongbing and his team members Zhang Xiaolong and Zhang Fan successfully developed a new aluminum-graphite double-ion battery (AGDIB) after long-term research and development. This new type of AGDIB battery uses inexpensive and easily available graphite to replace the traditional high-cost lithium-ion-containing transition metal oxide or lithium iron phosphate as a battery cathode material; aluminum foil is used as a battery anode material and a negative electrode current collector; conventional lithium salt And carbonate solvents are electrolytes. The working principle of the battery is different from the traditional lithium ion battery. During the charging process, anion intercalation reaction occurs in the positive electrode graphite, and aluminum-lithium alloy reaction occurs in the aluminum negative electrode, and the discharging process is the opposite. This new reaction mechanism not only significantly improves the battery's operating voltage (3.8-4.6V), but also significantly reduces the battery's quality, volume, and manufacturing costs, thereby improving the overall battery's energy density.
It is estimated that the full battery mass energy density and volume energy density of this type of battery will be as high as about 222 Wh/kg. The 500Kg AGDIB battery has a cruising range of approximately 550 kilometers. Compared with the traditional lithium battery technology, this kind of battery has obvious advantages. It not only reduces the production cost by about 40-50%, but also increases the energy density by at least 1.3-2.0 times. If this aluminum-graphite battery is successfully industrialized, it will significantly increase the performance of existing portable electronic devices, electric vehicles, and new energy storage systems. However, the current battery technology has yet to be optimized, such as the need to further improve the battery's cycle stability.
The study was funded by the Guangdong Provincial Innovation Research Team, the Shenzhen Science and Technology Plan Project and the National Natural Science Foundation.
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