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In recent years, it has been found through investigation that many fruit farmers do not pay attention to autumn shears, which leads to the growth of fruit trees, which seriously plunders the storage nutrients of the trees, resulting in unstable trees, resulting in a decline in fruit yield and quality in the coming year and a reduction in fruit farmers' income.
Autumn shears are very necessary, and the pruning time is about from early September to mid-September. Autumn pruning is mainly for new shoots, big shoots, long branches, etc., mostly used for saplings and saplings.
First, the thinning and grace
Beginning in September, the saplings should be removed from the peripheral long branches and the inner branches and the young long young shoots; the big trees should be removed from the internal auxiliary branches; all the fruit trees should be removed from the low The branch group enhances the illumination of the lower part. If the autumn rain is abundant, the inner stalks will continue to sprout and extract new branches, and often smear frequently.
Second, litchi softening
Starting from September, the lychee softening can be carried out on the auxiliary branches of the 1-2 year old unbranched flowers in the canopy and the strong stalks of the main branches that have not been hanged for more than 2 years. The method is as follows: the base is soft and then the branches are repeatedly bent from the inside to the outside, and the twisted branches are turned, so that the branches are damaged and the vascular bundles in the branches emit a crisp crack, and cracks appear on the branches. Do not damage the blades during this process.
After the litchi is softened, it is pulled to the horizontal or drooping state by using the space, fixed by rope, and transformed from vegetative growth to reproductive growth. It is carried out once every 7~10 days, which causes the lateral buds to germinate to form medium and short branches, which lays the foundation for the formation of flower buds in the coming year.
The branches that are not stopped can be picked and topped, and the inactive buds within 30 cm of the main stem and the main branch are uniformly removed to improve the nutrient storage of the tree.
Third, the branch control
The perennial competition branch on the young tree and the low-level auxiliary branch on the tree in the result period can be used as a branch because it is not easy to pull the branch or soften and lay flat. In the lower middle part of the erect branch, after inserting one-half of the diameter with a tool, pull the branch to the outside with force to fold it down. Note that the intersection is not possible and the angle is maintained at the level of the ground.
Fourth, pull the branch control
Starting from August, the branches are first softened to the base with a thickness of more than 1.5 cm, and then slowly pulled to a level of about 90 degrees; the height of 80 cm or more can open an angle of 80 to 90; the angle is small The main branches, side branches and auxiliary branches can also be used in the middle and lower parts of the branches to make the branches flat. Note that the branches that are pulled follow the principle of not circle, no bow, no sky, no ground, and cannot be crossed or overlapped to block the inner light.
Five, light cut topping
Throughout September, the main objects of the topping were the auxiliary long branches. The main topping objects of the vigorously growing fruit trees were branches with a circumference of 25 cm and branches with a length of 15 cm inside, which can be properly pruned. Light-cutting and picking the heart can promote the compactness of the result and inhibit the growth of the tree, which is conducive to safe wintering.
Sixth, the roots are controlled
After harvesting fruit in September, in order to promote the growth of fine-heeled, it is possible to combine deep-rooted roots with autumn-based fertilizer. At a distance of 0.8 to 1 meter from the trunk, dig a few trenches 40 to 60 cm deep, find a thick root cut with a diameter of 2 to 2.5 cm, and properly apply potash and other organic fertilizers after burying the soil.
More pesticide encyclopedia, please pay attention to China Pesticide Network
(Source: Good Agricultural Resources Network)
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