The latest building insulation materials

China has more than 43 billion m2 of buildings, and more than 95% of them are high-energy buildings. The thermal insulation performance of buildings in China is generally poor, and the heating energy consumption per unit area is about 2 to 4 times that of developed countries. By 2020, the Chinese government will adopt measures such as laws and regulations, policies to guide and promote building energy-saving technologies, so that the energy efficiency of urban buildings will reach 65% of the total goal, and most existing buildings will complete energy-saving renovation. Wall, door and window insulation is an important part of building energy conservation. Energy-saving technology of building envelope structure is one of the important directions of building energy-saving research in the world. Developing high-performance building envelope insulation materials, products and systems is the key to building energy-saving. .

In recent years, several fire accidents occurred in China due to thermal insulation materials, such as the CCTV new site fire in February 2009, the high-rise apartment fire in Shanghai in November 2010, the Shenyang Imperial Wanxin Hotel fire in February 2011, etc. The lesson has made people clearly aware of the necessity and urgency of promoting the application of exterior insulation materials with good fire performance.

Therefore, the research and development of insulation materials and the design of wall insulation system should put safety and energy conservation, fire prevention and heat preservation together as the primary position, building energy conservation must be promoted, and wall insulation materials need to be upgraded.

1 traditional building insulation materials insulation materials are divided into organic materials and inorganic materials.

Organic insulation materials, such as EPS, XPS, and polyurethane insulation materials, have superior thermal insulation properties, but their durability is the Achilles heel of organic materials. At present, the life of general buildings is 50 to 70 years, while the service life of EPS, XPS and polyurethane external insulation is 15 to 20 years, which is obviously different from that of buildings. At the same time, a large number of external wall insulation organic materials EPS and XPS currently used are from petrochemical products. With the global energy shortage, the soaring oil prices will have an impact on the external wall insulation industry, which is dominated by organic materials.

In addition, the combustion problem of organic matter has not been well solved in construction applications, it cannot be flame retarded under open flame, and a large amount of toxic gas is released during the combustion process. At present, organic insulation materials such as polystyrene board, extruded board, and polyurethane rigid foam account for 90% or more of the entire insulation material market.

Inorganic insulation materials, such as rock wool, glass wool, foam glass and other insulation materials, acid and alkali resistance, corrosion resistance, no cracking, no shedding, high stability, high strength, no aging problems, the same life as the building wall; fire prevention It has good flame retardant safety and can be widely used in intensive residential buildings, public buildings, large public places, inflammable and explosive places, and places with strict fire protection requirements. The combustion performance of inorganic foam insulation materials reaches Class A non-combustible. Among them, the price of foam glass, aluminum foam and foam ceramics is too high, and the price of fiber insulation materials such as rock wool mineral wool is not low.

The comparison of different traditional building insulation materials is shown in Table 1: Under such a background, more and more attention has been paid to the research, development and application of inorganic materials-based insulation materials at home and abroad. In fact, the current global wall insulation market, the external insulation system consisting of inorganic insulation materials such as rock wool and other non-combustible materials, has been widely used in various types of buildings, becoming the world's most widely used exterior wall. One of the wall insulation systems.

2 The latest building insulation materials The following are some of the building insulation materials that are less used in China and have better development prospects.

2.1 Phenolic foam insulation board The phenolic foam board is made of phenolic foam material. The phenolic foam PF) material is a polymer organic hard aluminum foil foam product which is formed by foaming a thermosetting phenolic resin. It has the characteristics of light weight, fireproof, no fire, no smoke, no poison, no dripping, wide temperature range, no shrinkage and no embrittlement in low temperature environment. At present, phenolic foam materials have developed rapidly in developed countries and have been widely used in construction, defense, foreign trade, storage, energy and other fields. In the sound insulation foam used in the construction industry in the United States, the phenolic material type product name flame retardant price is widely used in the region EPS expandable polystyrene insulation board) flammable cheap domestic XPS extruded polystyrene insulation board) flammable cheap Domestic organic polyurethane insulation board flammable cheap domestic phenolic foam insulation board flame retardant, anti-1000T high temperature slightly expensive Europe and America, Japan, China, such as water cubic rock wool insulation board non-combustible, fire grade A grade slightly expensive European and American inorganic glass wool insulation board non-combustible, fire rating A The level of slightly expensive Europe and the United States Table 1 different traditional building insulation materials have accounted for 40%; Japan has established the phenolic foam popularization association to promote this new material.

In industrialized countries such as Europe, the United States, and Japan, there are strict fire protection requirements for wall insulation of important buildings and high-rise buildings. More than 20 states in the United States have banned the use of PS polystyrene foam as a wall insulation material; in buildings over 18m in the UK, PS is not allowed as a wall insulation material; in buildings over 22m in Germany, PS is not allowed as a wall insulation material. . Therefore, the relevant construction departments of various countries have turned their attention to energy-saving and fire-proof PF for wall insulation systems. In recent years, China's PF industry has developed rapidly. Nearly 10 companies have built fully automatic continuous production lines. The annual output of PF plates supplied to the construction market in China has exceeded 5 million m2. PF has lower thermal conductivity than traditional insulation. Materials, such as rock wool, glass wool and expanded perlite, have about 1 times higher energy-saving insulation performance. It is recognized that their energy-saving insulation performance ranks first among all insulation materials, so some people call it the king of insulation or the third generation. Insulation Materials". PF is cheap and the price is equivalent to 2/3 of PU polyurethane foam. Therefore, PF replaces PS and PU for wall insulation materials, which should be a major improvement for the country.

In addition, in recent years, polystyrene foam materials have been widely used in some large and medium-sized cities in China, but due to their poor flame retardant properties, toxic gases are emitted during combustion. Therefore, phenolic foam materials will be replaced. This has become the most competitive new building material. 2.2 Foamed concrete foam concrete, the foaming agent is fully foamed by the foaming system of the bubble machine, and the foam and the cement slurry are uniformly mixed, and then the pumping system of the foaming machine is used for the cast-in-place construction or the mold forming. A new type of lightweight insulation material containing a large number of closed pores formed by natural conservation. It is a bubble-shaped thermal insulation material. The outstanding feature is that it forms a closed foam hole inside the concrete, which makes the concrete lighter and heat-insulated. It has the advantages of light weight, heat preservation, energy saving, low carbon, waste, non-combustible and durable.

Foam concrete can be applied to engineering fields such as roofing, wall and floor heating, and it can achieve fire safety and service life while achieving more than 65% energy saving in buildings. At present, relevant departments and agencies are working on various standards and technical regulations for foam concrete.

Foamed concrete can replace polystyrene board in exterior wall insulation. The construction speed is 1/3 faster than that of polystyrene board. The cost is 1/3 lower than that of polystyrene board. The service life is 4 times that of polystyrene board, and the insulation performance is excellent. The thickness of the external wall insulation in the northern area can be 5~10cm, which can be pasted and convenient for construction. 2.3 Aerogel aerogel, also known as frozen smoke, has a nanoporous structure with a porosity of more than 90% and a density as low as 0.001 g/cm3. It is the world's lightest solid material known.

In addition, the aerogel has good insulation properties and can withstand tremendous pressures equivalent to 2,000 times its own weight.

The excellent thermal insulation properties of aerogels make it very powerful in building insulation. Compared with the polystyrene foam aerogels currently used, it not only has better thermal insulation effect, but also is non-flammable, which can effectively prevent fires. . The aging resistance of aerogels is also very good, which can ensure that the external thermal insulation body does not age for 30 years. At present, the cost of aerogel is relatively high, and the future process will be more optimized. After the cost is reduced, it will be applied in a large number of building insulation. At the same time, due to the light transmission of aerogel, it can be used to make a light-transmissive roof.

Since the aerogel has both heat-insulating properties, sound-absorbing properties, and light transmission, the aerogel can be sandwiched between double-glazed glass to form a sandwich glass, and the heat insulating effect is higher than that of ordinary double-layer glass. Several times, and has a noise reduction effect. The use of this kind of glass in the windows of the house can greatly reduce the heat loss, and has obvious energy-saving effect. The heat loss rate of the window glass with the aerogel as the interlayer is lower than that of the current window system, and the low emissivity is used. Indium oxide or silver coating) is also reduced by 2/3. If aerogel glass is used in high-rise buildings instead of general curtain wall glass, it will greatly reduce the building's own weight and can play a fireproof role.

Aerogels have not been widely used due to their high production costs. However, Central South University and Chuangyixin Materials Technology Co., Ltd. have successfully solved a number of technical problems. The latest application for seven aerogel-related invention patents has greatly reduced the cost of aerogel preparation, making it possible for widespread application. .

3 Policy support for the development of fireproof exterior wall high insulation materials In order to seriously absorb the fire lessons of building exterior insulation materials, and prevent such fires from the source, on September 20, 2009, the Ministry of Public Security and the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development jointly issued the public communication word 46 No. Wenwen civil building external thermal insulation system and external wall decoration fire temporary regulations, put forward specific requirements for the combustion performance level and fireproof structure of civil building wall insulation materials. According to the regulations, Class A non-combustible insulation materials must be used for the whole or part of civil buildings. The market is in urgent need of building envelope materials, products and systems that are energy-saving, non-combustible and high-performance.

In 2010, in order to further develop the guiding role of the current priority development of high-tech industrialization key areas, and to clarify the current key areas and directions of high-tech industrialization, the National Development and Reform Commission and the Ministry of Science and Technology, the Ministry of Commerce, and the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, The Intellectual Property Office jointly carried out the revision work of the South of 2007) and formed the draft of the 2010 draft of the South China Center to promote the development of high-performance exterior wall self-insulating wall materials, functional wall materials, heat reflective coatings, phase change storage. Energy materials, high-efficiency exterior and roof insulation materials, floor insulation materials, high-performance energy-saving glass and doors and windows, low-emissivity glass.

On March 15, 2010, the Beijing Municipal Commission of Housing and Urban-Rural Development announced a new edition of the list of building materials for promotion, restriction, and ban in Beijing. 46 building materials were included in the restricted use list, including molded polystyrene insulation. Building insulation materials such as plates and extruded polystyrene insulation boards. The reason for the limitation of these two kinds of external thermal insulation materials is that the combustion performance is not up to Class A, and it is prone to fire accidents. Foamed concrete has the advantages of light weight and low elastic shock absorption, and is listed as a promotion category.

Obviously, replacing inorganic materials with inorganic materials for building insulation is the inevitable result of historical development and scientific and technological progress. The policy environment for vigorously promoting the application of fireproof exterior wall high insulation materials has matured.

Responsible Editor: Xie Guangquan) The comprehensive SMS technology industry's two-in-one integration development level assessment work conference was held on March 18, 2011, by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Information Technology Promotion Department and Building Materials Industry Information Center China Building Materials Industry Economic Research Association market information professional The committee held a joint seminar on the evaluation of the development level of the two industries of the cement industry and the training exchange meeting held in Lanzhou. Representatives from nearly 30 companies including Qilianshan Cement Group attended the meeting.

The purpose of this meeting is to implement the spirit of promoting the in-depth integration of informatization and industrialization proposed in the 12th Five-Year Plan. Through the implementation of the two-inclusive "integrated development level assessment work, judge the development stage and level of enterprise informatization; identify the integration points of informationization and industrial enterprise development; explore the use of information technology to solve key problems in enterprise development, highlight contradictions and deep The role and examples of hierarchical problems; discovering, summarizing, promoting and promoting the two methods of “integrating typical experiences and typical methods, establishing a batch of two-oriented” integration of typical enterprises, providing decision-making basis for major projects such as national planning and policy, and technical reform funds .

Zhang Guangpei, vice president of China Building Materials Industry Economic Research Association and director of Building Materials Industry Information Center, presided over the meeting and delivered a speech. He said that 0: the informationization of building materials enterprises is developing from initial understanding and individual application to the current stage of popularization and system application. Whether it is the competent government department or the enterprise, it is necessary to understand and grasp the application status and development trend of the industry informationization at this stage. By establishing a two-integration level evaluation index system, the basic situation of the industry informationization can be comprehensively and truly grasped. There is a general situation in the mind, and there is a typical "in the hands of the enterprise. We will do a good job in promoting the informatization of enterprises. Therefore, we will carry out the assessment of the integration level of the development of the cement industry. First, we will develop an informatization development strategy for the competent national authorities, industries and localities. The use of special funds such as technical reform and the formulation of relevant policies provide decision-making basis; second, the evaluation index system will become the enterprise's informationization construction, guide the construction direction, and enhance the understanding of the industry enterprises on the integration of the two; The enterprise benchmark of typical application, summarizing and promoting the two-in-one "integration of advanced cases and experience, is conducive to more targeted and extensive promotion of industry integration."

Participants generally agreed that it is of great significance to carry out the assessment of the development level of the industry's two-in-one integration and establish a two-integration evaluation index system for the cement industry to promote the integration of informationization and industrialization in the cement industry.

Jiang Yuan)

(Finish)

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