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More and more people install solar panels on the roof, but no one will install the same wind power system on the roof. In the past, people have been trying to reduce the size of wind turbines to make them suitable for home use, but due to too many technical problems, this goal has not been achieved. Until recently, a new type of design could circumvent the dimensional design problem. It abandoned the traditional turbine structure and used the same principle as the aircraft wing to create lift.
Overall, the generation of renewable energy has increased in recent years, and wind power is a major driving force in this trend. In the United States, wind power generation accounts for more than 40% of renewable power generation (although it only accounts for 7% of total power generation). Unlike solar cells, which can only collect energy during the day, wind turbines can be operated all day and night if the wind speed is sustained and the open plains or gentle hills are properly maintained. But in addition to these requirements, the operation of large wind turbines also requires open space, and most of the time it is not suitable for installation in and around towns. If the wind power system can be installed on the roof of residential and urban buildings, the utilization of wind resources will be improved.
The size of the power plant is an important factor affecting wind power generation. The energy produced by a single turbine is proportional to the area swept by its blades, so it is similarly small to a wind power installation that can be installed on the roof. The energy produced is not impressive. Brent Houchens, a mechanical engineer at Sandia National Laboratories, said: "The reason why distributed wind power is unsuccessful is because most systems are small wind turbines." Smaller equipment cannot produce enough energy , So it ’s not cost-effective. In addition, their rapidly rotating blades produce noisy vibrations, and many components needed to maintain movement are more likely to be damaged. Compared to solar panels on the roof, wind turbines may require relatively high maintenance costs.
By drawing on the basic principles of airplane flight, Houchens and others came up with a solution that overcomes these problems. The curved shape (airfoil) of an aircraft wing will change the air pressure on the upper and lower sides of the wing, which ultimately produces the lift of the aircraft. Houchens colleague Carsten Westergaard is the president of Westergaard Solutions and a mechanical engineer at Texas Tech University. He believes that the two wings are combined so that "the airflow through one wing can amplify the pressure difference between the airflow through the other wing and achieve a higher power generation effect." This device is like two aircraft wings Face upright as if standing upright and placed directly in the wind. The wing is hollow and there are gaps on the surface. When the wind blows, a low air pressure will form between the two wings, which can suck air into the gap. A pipe is connected under the wing, and the airflow sucked in will turn a small turbine installed in the pipe to generate electricity.
This new device is called AeroMINE by researchers, where "MINE" refers to "Motionless" and "Integrated Extraction". Because of the above design, the rectangular surface of the wings in AeroMINE can use wind energy, which is larger than the area of ​​traditional turbine blades using wind energy. The traditional standard turbine is compared to a biscuit mold by Houchens, which wastes the dough on the edge. The new device uses all available wind energy and can produce more electricity.
AeroMINES wind power generators arranged along the edge of the roof. Image source: Sandia National Laboratories
AeroMINEs also do not produce the same vibration and noise as ordinary turbines, Westergaard said they are "quiet than a fan". The relatively simple design also means that fewer operating components will fail. But if something goes wrong, the turbine installed inside the building will also be easier to repair. In addition, this also avoids accidental contact with leaves by humans or wild animals. The team is designing a solution that will allow it to be combined with solar panels on the roof and be compatible with existing infrastructure to collect the energy they generate.
Luciano Castillo, a mechanical engineer at Purdue University, has worked with Westergaard. Although he did not participate in the project, he said that in areas with good wind conditions, "this technology has a pioneering significance." He also believes that the simplicity of AeroMINEs may make it a good choice for developing countries, because AeroMINEs do not require special parts or tools and are relatively easy to repair. In addition, Castillo and Westergaar saw the potential of this design to collect tidal energy underwater.
Jay Apt is the director of the Carnegie Mellon Power Industry Center and is not involved in this project. He also thinks the simplicity of AeroMINEs is very attractive. But he is not sure whether the system can be scaled up proportionally so that it can effectively generate energy at a sufficiently low cost in a real environment. Houchens said that under suitable wind conditions, he and his colleagues believe that the cost of AeroMINEs will be reduced to the current cost of rooftop solar panels.
The team has received funding from Sandia National Laboratories and the US Department of Energy and has begun testing a reduced version of the model in the wind tunnel to optimize the device design. In June of this year, the researchers plan to test the four-meter version of this facility on a single-story simulated building in the SWinFT facility at the American Institute of Wind Energy. (Writer: Andrea Thompson Translation: Yu Yuanjia)
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