Superconducting material first discovered in meteorite

According to recent news from the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), American scientists have discovered superconducting materials in two different meteorites. This is the first evidence that superconducting materials have formed in space. The significance of this discovery is not only that it is a rare superconducting material in its natural form, but it also ignited new hope for humans to find room temperature superconducting materials.

Superconducting materials are superconductors, which refer to conductors with zero resistance at a certain temperature. In the experiment, if the measured value of the conductor resistance is less than 10Ω, the resistance can be considered to be zero. The superconductor not only has the characteristics of zero resistance, but also can be completely diamagnetic. Therefore, the superconductor has almost no energy loss during transmission, and can carry a stronger current per square centimeter. Generally, conventional materials consume a lot of energy in the process of conducting electricity. However, most superconductors currently only work at temperatures near absolute zero.

Researchers have been trying to make superconducting materials in the laboratory. Some scientists have previously believed that some extreme environments in space-especially the extreme high temperature and pressure under astronomical events, may cause substances to produce special phases, so maybe Expect the special environment in space to form superconducting materials. For people on the earth, meteorites are an excellent research object "falling from the sky". But for a long time, there have been no reports of similar superconducting compounds found in meteorites.

In view of this, researchers from the University of California San Diego and Brookhaven National Laboratory in the United States used a technique called magnetic field modulated microwave spectroscopy (MFMMS, a type mainly used to find super High-sensitivity technology of conducting phenomena), a detailed study of fragments from 15 different meteorites. According to the measurement results of the research team, two of the meteorite contained traces of superconducting particles from outer space. Further analysis shows that the phenomenon of superconductivity may originate from alloys of lead, indium and tin.

One of the two is the iron meteorite Mondela Bila, which was discovered in Australia in 1911. The meteorite has a total weight of 22 tons. It is one of the largest meteorites discovered to date; the other sample was discovered in Antarctica 25 years ago. The rare meteorite GRA 95205.

One of the authors of the paper, a physicist at the University of California, San Diego, James Wampler, said that superconductivity formed under natural conditions is very important and unusual because it means that there may be superconductivity in extraterrestrial environments.

In addition, the researchers also pointed out that superconducting materials have been found from two completely different meteorites. Since human samples of meteorites are not abundant, more superconducting materials may be discovered from the space environment in the future. On the other hand, researchers will also study the reverse effects, because the characteristics of superconducting materials may also produce unpredictable results in the space environment, such as the effect of superconducting particles on the nearby magnetic field. (Reporter Zhang Mengran)

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