Water hyacinth decomposition and extraction into new energy in Fudan University

Bio-waste is transformed into a new type of clean energy; the television is rolled up and rolled out at the time of viewing... this is not a sci-fi movie, and the increasing development of high technology has made this possible. The special press conference on the high-tech materials for the 2013 China Industry Fair's exhibition area was held this morning. Fudan University's new technology for the hydrothermal decomposition of biomass waste can successfully “turn waste into treasure”. Shanghai Jiaotong University's UV/ozone vacuum equipment enables graphene modification, which will make the foldable display a reality in the future.

Fudan: Water hyacinth decomposes into new energy

In many of the science fiction works of the 1980s and 1990s, there are often cars or boats that can “eat” their ground and running water to get energy and drive their own progress. Now, the good wishes of writers are nearing completion. In this year's CIIF campus exhibition, the team of the Department of Environmental Science and Engineering of Fudan University will bring their newly developed “biomass waste water-heat decomposition technology”, which can make straw, water hyacinth and other biomass Waste waste is decomposed in water and extracted to become a new type of biomass fuel like oil, providing a new source of energy.

Among the many new energy "substitutes," one of the most insignificant, but numerous, "junks" has gradually attracted the attention of scientists, that is, biological waste. It contains cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, etc. It can provide a large amount of raw materials for the preparation of energy and chemicals.

At present, China produces more than one billion tons of biomass waste such as crop straws and water hyacinths, canola, forestry wastes, and so on each year. These wastes were improperly handled and even caused many environmental pollution incidents, such as the frequent occurrence of water hyacinths in the waters of the Huangpu River, etc.; coastal cities such as Qingdao are often attacked by the “green tide” of the Brassica in summer; The lack of treatment of large amounts of straw, the people can only direct burning, and these incineration of smoke has become one of the main sources of PM2.5 in some areas.

How to turn biomass waste into valuable energy? This depends on decomposition and preparation techniques. Fudan Chen Jianmin and Zhang Shicheng’s research group have been tracking research and improvement for many years and developed new technologies for the hydrothermal decomposition of biological waste materials. This technology uses water as a good medium, making it a "hotbed" for chemical reactions of biological waste. "Water not only facilitates the decomposition process, but also enables the researcher to better control the separation process of the mixture," said Zhang Shicheng, deputy director of the Department of Environmental Science and Engineering at Fudan University.

It is reported that how to make bio-dissolutive decomposition, preparation and separation of high value-added chemicals in water has always been a technical problem. In the past, the decomposition of biomass waste such as straw and water hyacinth needed to be firstly dried and consumed a large amount of costs without starting to decompose. In the separation and extraction process after decomposition, it is often difficult to control the reaction process. "Can it be decomposed directly under hydrothermal conditions and eliminate the need for drying?" With this question in mind, from the end of 2008, the team led by Chen Jianmin and Zhang Shicheng aimed at the direction of hydrothermal transformation and carried out technological research. At this year's Industry Fair, the team will present their research results - the comprehensive utilization of biomass liquefaction technology, making it possible to disintegrate straw, water hyacinth, etc. in water.

At present, this technology has also been tested in a few companies and has achieved good results. In the near future, biodiesel made from water hyacinth, straw, and canola is expected to be quickly produced on a large scale, and will eventually be widely used in China's industries to enter ordinary people's lives. (Reporter Zhang Hao)

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