Agricultural control of jujube madness is the key

Recently, some listeners came to the phone to report that the jujube trees they planted appeared clusters of madness, the leaves became smaller and yellower, and they looked like a broom, also like a hilarious nest. The villagers said it was a "crazy jujube tree." Because the diseased tree has less or no jujube, it is also called "public jujube tree". After a few years, the whole plant will die, which is very harmful to production. In the initial judgment, it was the disease of jujube. This disease is currently occurring in various jujube areas in the north and south of China. It is more common in Hebei, Henan, Shandong, Shanxi, Shaanxi, and Beijing, and it continues to increase.

It has been identified that it is caused by a pathogen called phytoplasma. Formerly known as "protozoa", phytoplasma is a kind of microorganism similar to bacteria. The significant difference from bacteria is that it has no cell wall and its shape is not fixed. It is spread by sucking insects, artificial grafting or root lice. It also has a role in transmitting diseases. In short, it needs to be spread by means of living things. In addition, phytoplasma promotes a large number of plants to sprout long branches, flower deformities, showing a typical cluster, so it is also called arbuscular disease. This symptom is very similar to a viral disease, so it was mistaken as a viral disease in the early days and was not identified as a phytoplasma disease until the 1990s. The phytoplasma diseases are rare, and such as paulownia arbuscular disease, sweet potato arbuscular disease, and mulberry atrophy-deficient disease have been identified.

Jujube madness is mainly transmitted through grafting and root lice, and is a systemic infection. The diseased bud or diseased branch is grafted on the seedling and can express symptoms in the same year. When the pathogen moves to the roots and then runs up from the roots, it will cause the whole plant to develop disease. In nature, insects can also be transmitted through the orange belt, such as the diamond leafhopper, the Chinese rhododendron leafhopper, the red-spotted leafhopper, and the concave margin leafhopper.

The investigation found that the occurrence of jujube madness is related to the management of jujube gardens. The management is extensive and the tree is weak. The cemetery where the arborvitae is planted and the intercropping of wheat and corn are heavier.

Due to the low speed of jujube madness and the lack of effective chemical agents, attention should be paid to agricultural control, including: thorough elimination of diseased plants and diseased roots, removal of mad branches, selection of disease-resistant jujube varieties as rootstocks and disease-free dates. In the garden, scion, buds or roots are used for breeding, and the management of orchard is strengthened, and alkaline fertilizer and farmyard manure are added.

In the early stage of the disease, a hand drill can be used to drill holes in the roots of the diseased tree. In the spring germination stage of the jujube trees or in October, each diseased tree is instilled with 4000 times of chemical solution or 500 ml of tetracycline solution with a concentration of 0.1%. From the beginning of June to the end of September, timely injection of pyrethroids, such as 2.5% lambda-cyhalothrin 2000 times or 1.8% avermectin 3000 times liquid to control various insects.

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