Analysis of China's machinery industry import and export in the first quarter of 2009

According to customs statistics, in the first quarter of 2009, the import and export volume of China's machinery industry was 78.067 billion US dollars, down 20.89% from the same period of the previous year (the same below). Among them, imports were 35.652 billion US dollars, down 20.7%; exports were 42.415 billion US dollars, down 21.04%; import and export surplus was 6.763 billion US dollars, down by 2 billion US dollars from the same period of the previous year of 8.763 billion US dollars, and the import and export situation was grim.
In March 2009, China's machinery industry exported 15.498 billion US dollars, an increase of 39.58% from the previous month. It began to reverse the continuous monthly decline since the end of 2008. But this does not mean that external demand has improved, but China's stable foreign trade growth. The policy and the voluntary adjustment of the company began to receive results. However, whether the trend of slowdown in the import and export of China's machinery industry can continue depends on changes in external demand. Judging from the current situation, the basis for the rebound in import and export is still not stable, and the export situation is still grim.
Characteristics of import and export of machinery industry in the first and first quarters 1. The decline in exports to ASEAN and the EU was large, and the decline in the United States was small. In the first quarter of 2009, China’s exports of machinery products to the top four markets, the European Union, the United States, Japan, and ASEAN, declined across the board. Among them, the export to the EU was 7.892 billion US dollars, down 24.36%; the export to the US was 6.883 billion US dollars, down 17.28%; the export to Japan was 3.886 billion US dollars, down 27.02%; the export to ASEAN was 3.803 billion US dollars, down 23.81%. The largest decline was in the 10 ASEAN countries, down 85.11 percentage points, followed by the EU-27, down 60.48 percentage points, and the US down 27.35 percentage points. The markets for export growth are Norway (up 15.24%) and India (1.37%).
2. Guangxi and Chongqing have the largest declines, while exports from Sichuan and Guizhou have increased. Major provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions with exports falling by more than 20% include: Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Guangdong, Shanghai, Hebei, Fujian, Anhui, Hunan, Guangxi, Chongqing, etc. The largest declines were in Guangxi (down 37.45%) and Chongqing (down 28.34). %). Exports are growing in Sichuan, Guizhou, and Heilongjiang.
3. The vast majority of industries have fallen sharply. Among the 13 industries in the machinery industry, except for the export of heavy mining machinery industry, which grew by 27.88%, all other industries fell by double digits. The largest decline was in the automotive industry (down 39.53%), followed by the internal combustion engine industry (down 31.92%) and again in the construction machinery industry (down 27.94%). The countries with a large amount of automobile exports in China are Russia, Ukraine, Vietnam and Iran. Russia has restricted imports of automobiles from China since 2009.
4. Some product exports have fallen sharply. Among them, the loader decreased by 53.88%, the excavator decreased by 53.57%, the grader decreased by 47.7%, the forklift and industrial handling vehicles decreased by 51.74%, the car decreased by 68.53%, the auto parts decreased by 37.97%, the tractor and tractor decreased by 37.31%, and the motorcycle The car decreased by 34.11%, the gasoline engine decreased by 63.24%, the diesel engine decreased by 32.66%, the digital camera decreased by 34.65%, the CNC machine tool decreased by 37.74%, the standard parts decreased by 34.78%, the bearing decreased by 28.63%, the differential motor decreased by 40.74%, and the power electronic components And the static converter decreased by 25.22%, the wire and cable dropped by 30.9%, and the battery dropped by 44.79%.
The main export growth products are combine harvesters, animal products processing machinery, pavers, elevators and escalators, petrochemical equipment, oil drilling equipment parts, gas separation equipment, combined machine tools, pneumatic components and devices, boilers, steam turbines, Turbine, high and medium voltage switch, etc.
5. Imports of major products have increased or decreased. The main products of import growth are combine harvesters, diesel engines, bulldozers, loaders, construction cranes, pavers, elevators and escalators, geodetic instruments, medical instruments, petrochemical equipment, various pumps, gas compressors, metals. Rolling mills and parts, CNC machine tools, pneumatic components and devices, boilers, steam turbines, gas turbines, internal combustion generators, small and medium-sized motors, etc.
The main products of the decline in imports are tractors and tractors, gasoline engines, excavators, forklifts, digital cameras, refrigeration compressors, plastic machinery, metal smelting equipment and parts, machining centers, standard parts, molds, hydraulic components and devices, bearings. , food packaging machinery, differential motors, low-voltage electrical appliances, wire and cable, automobiles and parts.
Second, the current issues and suggestions that need to be concerned are affected by the US financial crisis. From October 2008 to February 2009, China's machinery industry's import and export growth rate, especially the export growth rate, fell month by month. But still can't be too optimistic. According to the predictions of relevant international organizations, the basic situation of the world economic recession has not yet fundamentally changed. The global trade decline has not bottomed out. The situation of shrinking demand for major export markets of mechanical products such as the EU, the United States and Japan has not been reversed. At the same time, in the economic downturn, countries tend to tighten trade policies, and trade protectionism is on the rise. We must have a clear understanding and mental preparation.
1. Make full use of the country's various preferential policies to promote export development. In response to the impact of the international financial crisis, the Chinese government has adopted a number of policies, such as increasing macroeconomic regulation and control, expanding investment scale, and high-speed growth of fixed assets investment in machinery industry; formulating policies and measures to further support the equipment manufacturing industry and encouraging technological transformation of enterprises; Full implementation of VAT reform; expansion of domestic consumption, stimulating domestic demand, at the same time, canceled a large number of domestic investment projects imported duty-free and VAT-free policies, canceled the value-added tax exemption policy for all foreign-funded enterprises imported equipment. These policies are conducive to independent innovation of Chinese enterprises and enhance the competitiveness of domestically produced equipment. In addition, bank interest rates have been lowered several times; steel prices have fallen from high levels; a large number of mechanical products have increased export tax rebates; the state has subsidized some agricultural machinery and automobile sales; the exchange rate of RMB against the US dollar has been relatively stable recently. The relevant enterprises should fully grasp the above preferential policies and favorable factors.
2. Grasp the opportunity to continuously optimize the structure of export products. On the one hand, enterprises must continuously improve the quality of labor-intensive products with advantages, such as small and medium-sized motors, some low-voltage electrical appliances, industrial chains, some bearings, standard fasteners, manual trucks, various tools, etc., to consolidate and expand the international market share. On the other hand, we must continuously optimize the structure of export products, gradually change the current situation of low value-added and low-tech products to dominate exports, increase research and development efforts on high-tech content and high value-added products, and develop products with independent intellectual property rights. Pay attention to the continuous improvement and improvement of product technical standards, and strive to move closer to international standards or international advanced technology standards.
In addition, enterprises should gradually transform some processing trade into general trade exports, gradually transform some OEM exports into independent brand exports, and reduce the export of high-pollution, high-energy, high-supply scarce resources (copper, aluminum, etc.).
3. Actively promote diversification of export markets and expand exports to emerging economies and developing countries. At present, the demand of developed economies such as the European Union, the United States, and Japan is declining. Enterprises should diversify into other potential markets, such as the Middle East, Central Asia, Latin America, Africa, Eastern Europe, India, Brazil, and Russia.
In recent years, China's machinery products and India, Brazil, Russia and other BRIC countries have developed rapidly bilateral trade. China's power generation equipment, power transmission and transformation equipment, agricultural machinery, engineering machinery, machine tools, automobiles and their parts, general machinery, heavy Mining machinery, some instrumentation, mechanical basic components, etc., have good export prospects for the above countries.
4. Vigorously develop economic and trade cooperation with countries that have signed free trade agreements with China. According to the China-ASEAN Free Trade Area Agreement on Trade in Goods, China will cancel most of the product tariffs with Brunei, Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore and Thailand in 2010, and establish a free trade zone. Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar and Vietnam will Free trade with China in 2015; the China-Chile Free Trade Area Agreement was implemented on October 1, 2006, and both parties imposed tariff reductions; according to the free trade agreement between China and Singapore, from January 1, 2009 Singapore cancels all tariffs on imports from China. China imposes zero tariffs on goods imported from Singapore. From January 1, 2009, 85% of goods will be zero-tariffed. From 2010, it will increase to 95%, and will increase in 2012. 97.1%.
On April 28, 2009, China and Peru signed a free trade agreement. The two sides will implement zero-tariff tariffs on more than 90% of their products. China's exports of machinery and automobiles will benefit from tax reduction arrangements.
5. Further promote the export of equipment for large-scale complete projects. The export of large-scale complete sets of projects in China has been greatly developed. At present, it is necessary to further develop the export of complete sets of projects mainly including power generation equipment, power transmission and transformation equipment, engineering machinery and cement equipment. It is recommended that relevant government departments implement the projects in relevant projects (including foreign aid). Projects and bilateral cooperation projects), credit, insurance, foreign exchange settlement, etc., improve corresponding policies and measures, make full use of bilateral political, diplomatic, economic and trade dialogue and consultation mechanisms to support the equipment manufacturing industry to explore the international market.
6. Expand the advanced technology that is not yet in the country and the import of key equipment and parts that cannot be manufactured. Importing advanced technologies that are not yet in the country and key equipment and parts that cannot be manufactured are the needs of China's economic development and industrial structure optimization and upgrading, and should be actively promoted. At present, it is necessary to organize and implement according to the published catalogues and relevant policies of the state, especially the products that are needed in China and the United States and Europe. It is suggested that relevant government departments take systematic and effective measures to urge the United States and Europe to relax export controls on China and bring bilateral trade into normal track.

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