Explain the working principle of SPD in power system

Working principle Most of the damage caused by this induction. For electronic information equipment, the hazard mainly comes from the lightning coupled electromagnetic pulse electromagnetic energy, through the following three channels generated by the transient surge. The damage caused by lightning and other strong interference to the communication system and the resulting consequences are serious, and lightning protection will become necessary. Lightning consists of high-energy low-frequency components and highly permeable high-frequency components. There are two main forms, one is to directly conduct lightning damage equipment through metal pipelines or ground wires; the other is lightning impulse electromagnetic pulses of lightning passages and discharge passages, which sense the metal pipelines or ground lines by various coupling methods to generate waves. Damage to equipment. The surge of the metal pipeline channel and the ground potential counterattack of the ground channel are the main causes of the damage of the electronic information system. Its most visible form of damage is the damage caused by the power line. Therefore, it must be used as the focus of anti-expansion. As thunder and lightning penetrate the electronic information system, lightning protection will be a systematic project. The higher the protection zone number, the lower the expected interference energy and interference voltage. In modern lightning protection technology, the installation of lightning protection zones is of great significance. It can guide us in the implementation of technical measures such as shielding, grounding, and power connection.

Equilibrium is to keep the potential difference of each part of the system not enough to cause damage, that is, the potential of all the metal conductors in the system environment and the system itself remains substantially equal in the transient phenomenon, which is essentially based on equal voltage equipotential bonding. The lightning protection system consists of three parts, each part has its important role, there is no alternative. The external protection consists of a lightning arrester, a down conductor, and a grounding body. It can direct most of the lightning energy into the underground discharge. Transition protection, consisting of reasonable shielding, grounding, and routing, can reduce or block the induction introduced through each intrusion channel.

Internal protection consists of voltage equalization and overvoltage protection to balance the system potential and limit the overvoltage amplitude. Lightning arresters are also called equipotential connectors, overvoltage protectors, surge suppressors, surge absorbers, and lightning protection devices. Lightning protectors used for power line protection are called power surge protectors. In view of the current characteristics of lightning damage, lightning protection is especially in the lightning protection and rectification. The protection scheme based on lightning protection devices is the simplest and most economical lightning protection solution. The main function of the lightning protector is to maintain the same or limit the potential at both ends of the transient phenomenon and transfer the excess energy on the active conductor.

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