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Most grape growers are used to applying base fertilizer in winter. Experts suggest that grape base fertilizer is good for autumn.
The autumn base fertilizer is beneficial to increase the accumulation of nutrients in the tree. Generally speaking, the early-ripening grapes are harvested in the middle and late July, the medium-ripe grapes are harvested in the middle and late August, and the late-ripening grapes are harvested in the middle and late September. After the grapes are harvested, the plants grow as they are, which is a good opportunity for the leaves to produce reflux nutrients. At this time, the application of the base fertilizer can greatly improve photosynthesis and increase the storage of organic matter of the plants, which is extremely beneficial to the tree potential, fruit yield and quality of the leap year. According to the experiment, the autumn base fertilizer can increase the yield by 16% to 30%, the berry sugar content can be increased by 1.5 to 2 percentage points, and the fruit can be enlarged. Secondly, it is good for shovel to heal roots and sprout new roots. Autumn Shiji Fertilizer is at the last peak of root growth. At this time, the climate is generally around 12 °C ~ 15 °C, which is the optimal temperature for root growth. After fertilization, the root system will heal quickly and many new roots will be born, which plays an important role in the absorption of nutrients in early spring. In addition, the soil drought caused by fertilization is avoided. The water source of the base fertilizer in autumn is high, and the temperature is high, so that the early decomposition of the fertilizer can be absorbed by the roots, so that the grape leaves can produce more nutrients for the wintering and spring growth of the grapes. If winter and spring apply base fertilizer, it will delay the effect of fertilizer. In spring, when new shoots and fruits need to grow nutrients at the same time, they will compete due to insufficient nutrients, reduce fruit set rate, affect flower bud differentiation, fruit enlargement, coloration and sugar content. .
According to the difference of region and phenological period, the ripening period of the grapes is subject to the maturity of the grapes. The early and middle-ripening grapes can be applied after harvesting, and the late-ripening grapes can be applied before harvesting, at the latest in early October. It is better to finish it.
The method of applying the base fertilizer is a ditch-like application: it is applied along the colonization line. If the base fertilizer is applied for the first time after planting, a groove 20 cm wide and 60 cm deep may be opened outwardly outside the planting ditch. If the condition is insufficient, at least the ditch depth is 45 cm to 50 cm. When ditching, the topsoil and the raw soil are opened. Before fertilizing, first fill a layer (10 cm or so) of topsoil, then apply the base fertilizer and fill the topsoil. Then, stir the soil and fertilizer again, and finally backfill the soil with the raw soil to the ditch, and the remaining soil will be convenient for watering.
Sasch: Commonly used in old vineyards. Putting the base fertilizer into the grape line and then ploughing it, the advantage is that it saves labor and time, and it has a wide range of fertilizer; the disadvantage is that the fertilization is too shallow and the amount of fertilizer needs to be increased.
Several problems should be paid attention to in the autumn base fertilizer. The base fertilizer must be decomposed after application, especially chicken manure; avoid damage to the coarse roots; according to the soil fertility in the garden, add the lack of elements, especially some medium and trace elements; fertilization After all, you can pour water once. Generally, rainfall cannot replace watering. Only after heavy rain or heavy rain after fertilization, watering can be omitted; the amount of fertilizer should be determined. Generally speaking, vineyards with a yield of 2,000 kg to 3,000 kg per mu can be applied with a base fertilizer of 4,000 kg to 5,000 kg, and a maximum of 10,000 kg to 15,000 kg can be applied under conditions. If the base fertilizer is too small, the same ditching, backfilling and watering will not be worth the loss; the fertilization of the scaffolding should be carried out from the inside and the outside along the growth direction of the vines; if the autumn application is not enough, it can be applied in winter and spring; It is applied 4 weeks before the grape sprouts to prevent damage to the root system, causing nutrient loss and affecting grape growth.
The autumn base fertilizer is beneficial to increase the accumulation of nutrients in the tree. Generally speaking, the early-ripening grapes are harvested in the middle and late July, the medium-ripe grapes are harvested in the middle and late August, and the late-ripening grapes are harvested in the middle and late September. After the grapes are harvested, the plants grow as they are, which is a good opportunity for the leaves to produce reflux nutrients. At this time, the application of the base fertilizer can greatly improve photosynthesis and increase the storage of organic matter of the plants, which is extremely beneficial to the tree potential, fruit yield and quality of the leap year. According to the experiment, the autumn base fertilizer can increase the yield by 16% to 30%, the berry sugar content can be increased by 1.5 to 2 percentage points, and the fruit can be enlarged. Secondly, it is good for shovel to heal roots and sprout new roots. Autumn Shiji Fertilizer is at the last peak of root growth. At this time, the climate is generally around 12 °C ~ 15 °C, which is the optimal temperature for root growth. After fertilization, the root system will heal quickly and many new roots will be born, which plays an important role in the absorption of nutrients in early spring. In addition, the soil drought caused by fertilization is avoided. The water source of the base fertilizer in autumn is high, and the temperature is high, so that the early decomposition of the fertilizer can be absorbed by the roots, so that the grape leaves can produce more nutrients for the wintering and spring growth of the grapes. If winter and spring apply base fertilizer, it will delay the effect of fertilizer. In spring, when new shoots and fruits need to grow nutrients at the same time, they will compete due to insufficient nutrients, reduce fruit set rate, affect flower bud differentiation, fruit enlargement, coloration and sugar content. .
According to the difference of region and phenological period, the ripening period of the grapes is subject to the maturity of the grapes. The early and middle-ripening grapes can be applied after harvesting, and the late-ripening grapes can be applied before harvesting, at the latest in early October. It is better to finish it.
The method of applying the base fertilizer is a ditch-like application: it is applied along the colonization line. If the base fertilizer is applied for the first time after planting, a groove 20 cm wide and 60 cm deep may be opened outwardly outside the planting ditch. If the condition is insufficient, at least the ditch depth is 45 cm to 50 cm. When ditching, the topsoil and the raw soil are opened. Before fertilizing, first fill a layer (10 cm or so) of topsoil, then apply the base fertilizer and fill the topsoil. Then, stir the soil and fertilizer again, and finally backfill the soil with the raw soil to the ditch, and the remaining soil will be convenient for watering.
Sasch: Commonly used in old vineyards. Putting the base fertilizer into the grape line and then ploughing it, the advantage is that it saves labor and time, and it has a wide range of fertilizer; the disadvantage is that the fertilization is too shallow and the amount of fertilizer needs to be increased.
Several problems should be paid attention to in the autumn base fertilizer. The base fertilizer must be decomposed after application, especially chicken manure; avoid damage to the coarse roots; according to the soil fertility in the garden, add the lack of elements, especially some medium and trace elements; fertilization After all, you can pour water once. Generally, rainfall cannot replace watering. Only after heavy rain or heavy rain after fertilization, watering can be omitted; the amount of fertilizer should be determined. Generally speaking, vineyards with a yield of 2,000 kg to 3,000 kg per mu can be applied with a base fertilizer of 4,000 kg to 5,000 kg, and a maximum of 10,000 kg to 15,000 kg can be applied under conditions. If the base fertilizer is too small, the same ditching, backfilling and watering will not be worth the loss; the fertilization of the scaffolding should be carried out from the inside and the outside along the growth direction of the vines; if the autumn application is not enough, it can be applied in winter and spring; It is applied 4 weeks before the grape sprouts to prevent damage to the root system, causing nutrient loss and affecting grape growth.
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