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According to the survey, livestock and poultry farming feeds account for about 55% to 75% of the cost of breeding. To increase efficiency and reduce costs, the key is to increase feed utilization. Therefore, what measures have been taken to improve the utilization rate of feed has become a hot spot and focus of the majority of farmers. The author now puts forward the following rough views on how to improve the utilization rate of livestock and poultry feed for the reference of farmers.
1 variety selection
The use of improved livestock and poultry recommended by the local agricultural departments can reduce consumption. According to the experimental comparison, a high-quality hybrid pig can increase the daily gain by 12%-25% and save about 12%-18% of the feed.
2 reasonable feeding
Different feeds should be purchased according to different livestock and poultry and different growth stages as well as the conditions and needs of the livestock. Using different feeds in stages, it is possible to use the compound feed more cost-effectively, reduce the cost of raising and improve economic benefits.
If the pulverized grain powder is processed into pellets for feeding livestock, the utilization rate of the feed can be increased by about 20-25%. Improper feed processing methods often cause nutrient losses. For example, legume feeds contain anti-trypsin and other substances, which may affect the digestion and absorption of proteins. However, after heat treatment, trypsin may be inactivated, thereby improving protein utilization and grain. The finer the feed is, the higher the digestibility, but too fine will reduce the palatability and affect the appetite of the animals. Protein feed is an indispensable nutrient for the growth and development of livestock and poultry. For monogastric animals, azine and lysine are indispensable raw materials for the production of compound feed. According to the test, broiler chickens were fed with a feed containing 18-20% crude protein, and lysine was added, which was 20-25% more than the weight added.
3 feeding method
The large amount of livestock and poultry activity is used to maintain and meet the heat energy and various nutrient requirements in the metabolic process. Therefore, it is changed to a captivity. For example, cattle and sheep are grazing and kept in captivity, and chickens are kept in captivity. It can reduce the demand for heat energy and various nutrients and improve the efficiency. At present, traditional pig raising in rural areas is used to feeding thin foods. Because of the excessive amount of water, it limits the feed intake of pigs and reduces the digestibility of dry matter and feed utilization. According to the test, pigs eat thinner than to consume more than 25% of the heat, so it should be changed to dry or thick. Feed feed should be relatively stable, do not easily change the feed formula to prevent anorexia or indigestion, if it must be changed, it should be gradually changed within a week.
4 barn environment
When the livestock temperature is below 10 °C, the heat energy lost at 10 °C is about 26% higher. When the temperature is below 4 °C, the weight gain is reduced by about 45%, and the feed consumption per kilogram of weight gain is the highest. Increase the temperature by 1-2 times. Therefore, in the winter, livestock must be allowed to live in a relatively dry and warm house, and scientifically and rationally adjust the nutritional level of the diet, add some amino acids, vitamins, minerals, deworming health drugs. Reduce the disease and promote growth and development of livestock and poultry.
5 feed storage
Beware of deterioration of feed during feed preservation. Feed storage is not appropriate, the value of feed utilization is not only reduced, but also poisoning of livestock and poultry. Long-term storage of feed will reduce nutrients due to deterioration of fat. Vitamin A, vitamin D, vitamin E and other nutrients are also easily oxidized, so it is not advisable to purchase feed at one time. Purchased feed should also pay attention to shading, ventilation, and moisture. When purchasing the feed, the feed label should be carefully checked, and the product name, raw material composition, nutrient composition analysis guarantee value, product standard number, production date and shelf life, production company address, net weight, etc. should be checked. The necessary sensory inspection should be performed on the feed. Feeds that have mildew and agglomeration cannot be purchased.
In short, there are many ways to improve the utilization rate of feed. It involves a wide range of aspects. Only by continuously summing up experience in livestock and poultry breeding practices will we find more effective ways to improve feed utilization.
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