Seven ways to get efficient in small pig farms

At present, there are more and more small-scale pig farms in rural areas. In order to make small pig farms efficient, they must strictly abide by scientific management regulations for scientific breeding. The author summarizes seven small pig farms based on years of breeding experience.

First, we must breed lean meat. At present, the overall requirement of the hog commodity market is based on lean meat pigs with high quality and high price, and purebred lean pigs are crossed with local sows to form binary and ternary hybrid pigs. The general binary hybrid lean rate is 51%, the ternary hybrid lean rate is 58%, 13%-20% higher than the local pig, and the finishing period can be shortened by 70-80 days.

Second, it is necessary to raise the scale. First, the scale of self-supporting and self-supporting, the amount of basic sows raised is about 100, and about 1600 pigs are sold annually. The second is the size of the piglet fattening type, and about 1600 pigs are sold annually. The third is to breed piglets, and the number of basic sows is about 100.

Third, we must have a suitable stocking density. The small pig farm has a small space, and the farmer has a higher profit margin and the pigs are more densely stocked. The normal stocking density is 0.7 square meters per weaned piglet, and 1.2 square meters per fattening pig, and each group is preferably 10-15 heads. If it is lower than this standard, it will easily cause poor air quality in the pig house and frequent respiratory diseases.

Fourth, we must optimize feeding management. In order to achieve the purpose of lean meat production orientation, optimizing feeding management is the key, and the key points are to "one promotion, two control, three plus". "One promotion" is: early growth, adequate feeding of energy feed, promoting meat and bone growth, mainly based on sweet potato, corn and other starch content feed, mixed with high protein feed, pay special attention to the supply of sufficient protein feed. Because the protein in pig lean meat is as high as 21%, the main body is the result of the conversion of crude protein in the feed. Therefore, in the process of growing pigs, it is necessary to feed an appropriate amount of protein feed in stages. The weight of the pre-pigs is between 20 and 45 kg, and the protein content of the feed is about 20%. Mid-term pigs weigh between 45 and 70 kg, and the protein content of 16% is good. Not less than 14% in the later period, the overall is 4% to 10% higher than the fat pig feed protein. "Second control" is: inhibiting the amount of energy feed in the late growth period, generally not exceeding 85% of the total food intake, controlling fat deposition, and increasing the lean meat content. “Three Plus” is: moderately and reasonably used additives. Some users use additives excessively, resulting in low performance and waste. Eucommia ulmoides powder can promote the development of muscle fibers, making the meat delicious, generally in the range of 0.2% to 0.3%; humic acid can inhibit the fat deposition in the late stage of pigs, generally the maximum dosage should not exceed 0.6%.

Fifth, we must provide a suitable environment. The growth of lean meat pigs requires that the external optimum temperature should be between 18 and 21 ° C. The temperature is too high, the feed intake is decreased, and the daily weight gain is slow. Therefore, in the summer, shading, water spray, ventilation and other measures should be taken. In winter, measures such as warming, wind-proof and warming should be adopted to form a suitable temperature to promote fat formation and hinder protein deposition.

Sixth, we must strengthen the prevention and control of disease. For small pig farms, it is very important to standardize and scientificize immunization. The main requirements should be four specifications: one is to standardize facilities and equipment, adhere to scientific design and scientific prevention; the second is to standardize epidemic prevention procedures and adhere to regular epidemic prevention; the third is to regulate pig source disease prevention, adhere to self-diagnosis and self-diagnosis; Preventing illness, sticking to the whole process, over-the-counter trading and after-sales disinfection. At the same time, it is necessary to adopt a scientific disinfection method, not only to disinfect regularly, but also to use a variety of disinfectant, virus-killing and bactericidal disinfectant to achieve the purpose of eliminating multiple pathogenic microorganisms. It is necessary to use ultraviolet disinfection, and it is also forbidden to enter people with animals such as cats, dogs and rats.

Seven must choose the best stage . The best outing period can create the highest benefit for raising pigs. It is usually on the order of 3 months old, and it is based on the actual weight. It is usually 80-85 kg for binary pigs and 85-90 kg for ternary pigs. It is harmful to feed early or late.

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