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At present, the wall insulation in severe cold areas is various in form, and there are two forms of external thermal insulation and sandwich insulation. The external thermal insulation mainly includes EPS external wall insulation system, that is, 190 mm thick concrete hollow block is used as the load-bearing structure on the outside of the block. A 50mm thick self-extinguishing EPS board is laid and reinforced with an alkali-resistant fiber mesh cloth, and the outermost normal plastering paint forms an exterior wall decoration.
According to the experience of developed countries, the most suitable wall structure for masonry structure is the sandwich insulation wall, which is a composite sandwich energy-saving wall that is widely used in developed countries. Its exterior wall structure is: 190 thick standard load-bearing block + 40-50 thick insulation material + 10 thick air layer + 90 thick decorative block, the inner and outer leaf blocks are connected by anti-corrosion steel mesh to ensure the stability of the outer wall.
The wall of the structure is in the middle of the two-leaf wall, and the heat insulating material is not affected by natural conditions, and has good durability and good heat preservation effect. Moreover, the decorative effect of the outer wall of the structural form is not limited or restricted by the load-bearing part, and the splitting outer wall can fully reflect the decorative effect of the concrete block and realize the diversification of the architectural style. At the same time, since the inner and outer leaf walls are separated by the insulation layer, the temperature deformation of the inner blade wall can be effectively reduced, the temperature crack of the wall body can be reduced, and the wall leakage can be avoided, because even if the rainwater penetrates into the wall through the outer wall, the rainwater is also It can only flow down the inner wall of the outer wall of the sandwich layer to the water guiding hole to discharge the wall without penetrating into the inner wall.
The advantage of the external wall insulation form is that it can effectively cut or reduce the cold bridge of the wall, can effectively increase the temperature of the inner surface of the outer wall, and the heavy material with large heat storage coefficient is located indoors, in the unsteady heating. Under the condition, the thermal stability of the room can be improved, the heat preservation effect is better, the room temperature is basically not affected by the external temperature change, and the indoor temperature distribution of the heat preservation room is uniform, which can better improve the indoor thermal comfort.
However, since the insulation layer is fixed to the entire height of the outer wall, the insulation material is bonded to the base layer of the wall by the adhesive. The durability of the insulation layer depends on the durability of the adhesive. In addition, the wall plaster adds fiber. The mesh cloth is strengthened, but it must withstand the test of wind, rain, cold and cold, and sun exposure. The plaster mortar is still prone to cracks and water to cause wall damage. In addition, due to the low strength of the insulation material, it is subject to external It is easy to break when the load is applied, and it is extremely difficult to repair all the external thermal insulation walls. Therefore, this type of insulation is technically more demanding, requires higher materials, and is more expensive in terms of cost.
Another type of insulation method uses clay brick sandwich insulation, that is, 240 load-bearing brick wall + 50 thick benzene board + 120 brick wall. This kind of wall structure basically meets the requirements of heat preservation and energy saving, but with the limitation of clay brick, clay brick gradually After exiting the market, the form of the wall structure is gradually reduced. Conversely, due to the increase in the strength of the concrete hollow block in the country, some areas have adopted blocks instead of clay bricks, but the wall insulation is mostly in the form of external insulation. The external insulation form of the wall completely encloses the block, and only replaces the block with the clay brick simply, and can not fully exert the decorative effect of the block. Currently, it is applied in many high-rise buildings in Heilongjiang and other areas, but due to Construction time is short and many problems have not been exposed.
This article is reproduced from Dacheng County, Hebei Province, Quanhe Thermal Building Materials Factory: http://
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