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The safety of genetically modified agricultural products has been a controversial topic on a global scale. Recently, a large number of genetically modified corns have been imported into China, causing concern from all walks of life. The National Development and Reform Commission explained this and explained that currently imported corn is used only for feed, and the processing company is determined in advance, and it is fully enclosed and will not cause harm to domestic agricultural production and food safety.
Is the safety of genetically modified agricultural products, whether it is commercialized and used as a food to occupy market share is not an inevitable trend of social development? How should people look at the development of GM technology?
Controversial focus of genetically modified agricultural products
The so-called genetically modified organism technology is to create a new artificial organism through the recombination of genes between different organisms, or through the recombination of genes between different organisms to transform the natural characteristics of the original organism to make it a semi-artificial biological.
The focus of the dispute over genetically modified agricultural products lies mainly in whether it is safe or not. GM crops have developed rapidly during periods when people are generally concerned about food safety, and have always been accompanied by questions. In 1998, British scholars discovered that the consumption of genetically modified potatoes in young rats may damage the internal organs and the immune system. In 1999, John Rossi, an associate professor at Cornell University in the United States, said that a genetically modified corn can produce pollen that kills pests. An American giant butterfly of the beneficial insects consumed 44% of this pollen and died; in 2000, a French expert found that GM rape could naturally hybridize with wild radishes, which may have an impact on the surrounding environment. Although similar doubts are insufficient, they are enough to undermine people's appetite for genetically modified foods.
The quarrel within the EU has always been the most intense and most representative. For example, France, Austria, Portugal, and other countries are firmly opposed to genetically modified agricultural products; Spain, Belgium, and Germany remain neutral; and Italy, the United Kingdom, the Netherlands, and other countries strongly support. The views of European scientists and the public also have serious differences. Most experts believe that as long as the assessment is accurate, GM foods will not only endanger humans, but may also be beneficial to human health because they do not use insecticides during their growth. However, European people who have experienced many food safety crises are very cautious. Since the discovery of mad cow disease in the United Kingdom, Europeans have been more cautious about food safety issues. According to surveys, 70% of Europeans do not want to eat genetically modified foods.
As for whether genetically modified crops are harmful to the ecological environment, there is currently no effective evidence.
Some GM crops have been approved
The “Science†magazine online edition of the United States published the paper of the Wu Kongming Scientific Research Team of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences in May this year. As the top expert in the environmental safety assessment of genetically modified products, Wu Kongming believes that the key to genetically modified crops is what kind of genes are transferred. At present, China's approval of commercialization is mainly to herbicide-resistant, insect-resistant and anti-virus crops. Their food safety has been rigorously evaluated and should be said to be guaranteed.
At the end of 2009, the Ministry of Agriculture of China issued biosafety certificates for two kinds of transgenic rice, including a BT rice, and a genetically modified corn. Wu Kongming said that the GM rice approved by the Ministry of Agriculture is actually the same BT gene that was transferred to the transgenic cotton. This toxic protein is produced by Bacillus thuringiensis (BT). This gene has been used on cotton for more than 10 years.
Yuan Longping, an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering known as the “father of hybrid rice,†said in an interview during the National “two sessions†at the beginning of the year that concerns about the safety of genetically modified foods are understandable, but they cannot “kill a stick†for genetically modified foods. Biotechnology is an important way to solve national food security.
However, Wu Kongming also believes that the impact of planting genetically modified crops on the environment is manifold. Take cotton as an example. Since large-scale planting of genetically modified cotton in China, significant achievements have been made in the control of a species called cotton bollworm pests, but at the same time it has triggered another kind of outbreak called blind borer pests.
In fact, the countries involved in the research and production of GM crops in the world have conducted a rigorous assessment of the safety of each GM crop, based on their own national conditions. Although the safety of some of the crops represented by genetically modified soybeans, cotton, corn, and rapeseed has been recognized, there is still considerable disagreement on the overall assessment results, and the country’s policy orientation is also quite different.
In the U.S. market, there are currently thousands of genetically modified foods, including baby food, and 200 million people are eating. There have been few negative reports on the safety of genetically modified foods in the past 10 years.
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